Podcast
Questions and Answers
What roles do CDKs and cyclins play in the eukaryotic cell cycle?
What roles do CDKs and cyclins play in the eukaryotic cell cycle?
- They do not affect the duration of any cell cycle phase.
- They are involved in cell cycle regulation by phosphorylating proteins. (correct)
- They are only responsible for DNA replication.
- They play no role in cellular processes.
The restriction point is critical for ensuring a cell is ready to enter DNA synthesis.
The restriction point is critical for ensuring a cell is ready to enter DNA synthesis.
True (A)
What is the primary function of E2F in the eukaryotic cell cycle?
What is the primary function of E2F in the eukaryotic cell cycle?
To help the cell overcome the restriction point.
During the transition from G1 to S phase, the cell checks for the presence of ______ necessary for DNA replication.
During the transition from G1 to S phase, the cell checks for the presence of ______ necessary for DNA replication.
Which of the following events occurs during the G2 to M phase transition?
Which of the following events occurs during the G2 to M phase transition?
Surveillance mechanisms in the cell cycle are designed to promote unregulated cell growth.
Surveillance mechanisms in the cell cycle are designed to promote unregulated cell growth.
Match the following cell cycle components with their descriptions:
Match the following cell cycle components with their descriptions:
If error-free DNA synthesis is not completed, a cell may die through ______ or develop cancer.
If error-free DNA synthesis is not completed, a cell may die through ______ or develop cancer.
Flashcards
CDK
CDK
Cyclin-dependent kinases are enzymes that regulate the cell cycle by phosphorylating target proteins.
Cyclin
Cyclin
A protein that activates a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK).
Start/Restriction point
Start/Restriction point
A critical point in the G1 phase where the cell commits to entering the cell cycle.
APC/C
APC/C
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SCF
SCF
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CKI
CKI
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Mitogen
Mitogen
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E2F
E2F
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G1 to S Phase Transition
G1 to S Phase Transition
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G2 to M Phase Transition
G2 to M Phase Transition
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Chromosomal Segregation
Chromosomal Segregation
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Cell Cycle Exit
Cell Cycle Exit
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Surveillance Mechanisms
Surveillance Mechanisms
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Study Notes
Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
- The eukaryotic cell cycle, though appearing simple (G1, S, G2, M), is complex and highly regulated
- Specific proteins, cellular readiness, and completion of previous stages are required for each phase
- DNA synthesis must be error-free during the S to G2 transition
- Surveillance mechanisms arrest cell growth if DNA synthesis is not accurate or errors present
- Apoptosis or mutations can lead to cancer development
Cell Cycle Regulation
- CDKs (Cyclin-Dependent Kinases) and cyclins regulate progression through the cell cycle
- Cyclin degradation and CDK phosphorylation are critical for progression through different phases
- E2F plays a role in overcoming the restriction point (G1 to S)
- Specific events dictate the transition among phases, including G1 to S, G2 to M, entry to mitosis, chromosomal segregation, and exit from M
- Surveillance mechanisms prevent inappropriate cell cycle progression
Learning Objectives
- Define terms (CDKs, cyclins, Start/Restriction point, APC/C, SCF, CKIs, and mitogens)
- Describe the role of CDK phosphorylation and cyclin degradation in cell cycle progression
- Explain the role of E2F in overcoming the restriction point
- Discuss events dictating transitions (G1 to S, G2 to M)
- Explain surveillance mechanisms preventing inappropriate progression of the eukaryotic cell cycle
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