Motivation and criminal behaviour
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary motive for serial rape according to De Wet's studies?

  • Righteousness
  • Lust (correct)
  • Supremacy
  • Control
  • What are some possible motives for serial rape according to Stevenson?

  • Revenge, anger, and possession
  • Greed, envy, and lust
  • Jealousy, greed, and anger
  • Lust, righteousness rape, peer rape, control, supremacy, and fantasy (correct)
  • What is the motivation for hate crimes?

  • Hatred (correct)
  • Possession
  • Envy
  • Revenge
  • What is the link between anger and criminal behavior?

    <p>Anger can lead to a feeling of hate, which can motivate revenge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Soyombo (2008), what is the definition of xenophobia?

    <p>The dislike of strangers or foreigners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible cause of revenge crimes?

    <p>The desire for aggressive retaliation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of envy and possessive jealousy in criminal behaviour?

    <p>They can lead to acts of violence or aggression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of a community's reaction to crime through vigilante attacks?

    <p>The continuation of the cycle of violence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central idea of the rational choice theory?

    <p>People choose their behavior based on the hedonistic calculus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to classical criminology, how can crime be controlled?

    <p>Through the fear of criminal sanctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the offender-specific characteristic of crime according to rational choice theorists?

    <p>The characteristics of the crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the classical school of criminology?

    <p>Cesare Beccaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theorists, what are some personal factors that motivate people to commit crime?

    <p>Anger, lust, and jealousy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of traits theorists in explaining criminal behavior?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the framework of social institutions that sociological theories of crime touch on?

    <p>Social structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key determinant of criminal behavior patterns according to social structure theorists?

    <p>Social forces operating in run-down lower-class areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of strain theory?

    <p>The conflict between a person's goals and the means to achieve them legally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to social process theories, what is the chief determinant of criminal behavior?

    <p>The techniques and attitudes of crime learned through socialisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of social control theory?

    <p>The natural motivations towards criminal behavior that people must learn to curb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of cultural deviance theory?

    <p>The unique strain and social isolation of lower-class culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a possible motive for a crime in the text?

    <p>Love</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the motive behind the Oscar Pistorius case according to the text?

    <p>Self-protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following crimes is NOT mentioned as being possibly committed out of jealousy?

    <p>Robbery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of analyzing the facts of each case according to the text?

    <p>To avoid making assumptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a possible motive for murder in the text?

    <p>Pleasure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the text?

    <p>To emphasize the importance of analyzing the facts of each case</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between power-assertion and power-reassurance rape?

    <p>Power-assertion rape is an expression of the rapist's virility and dominance, while power-reassurance rape is motivated by the rapist's attempt to resolve lingering doubts about his sexual adequacy and masculinity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main motivation behind anger rape?

    <p>The rapist's expression of anger and frustration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main motivation behind sexually motivated/sadistic rape?

    <p>The rapist's sexual satisfaction derived from tormenting, humiliating and sadistically abusing the victim.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between power rape and sexually motivated/sadistic rape?

    <p>Power rape is motivated by the rapist's desire for sexual satisfaction, while sexually motivated/sadistic rape is motivated by the rapist's need for power and control over the victim.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Serial Rape Motives

    • Primary motive for serial rape identified in De Wet's studies centers around power and control over the victim.

    Motives for Serial Rape

    • Stevenson highlights various motives, including psychological gratification, desire for dominance, and possible underlying mental health issues.

    Hate Crimes Motivation

    • Motivations for hate crimes typically stem from prejudice, discrimination, and a desire to harm individuals due to their identity or perceived characteristics.
    • Anger is strongly correlated with criminal behavior, often driving individuals to act out violently or irrationally.

    Definition of Xenophobia

    • Xenophobia, as defined by Soyombo (2008), is an irrational fear or hatred of people from other countries or cultures.

    Possible Cause of Revenge Crimes

    • Revenge crimes may be triggered by feelings of betrayal, perceived injustice, or personal loss, driving individuals to retaliate against those they blame.

    Envy and Possessive Jealousy in Criminal Behavior

    • Envy and possessive jealousy can lead to criminal behavior, motivating individuals to commit acts of violence to retain control or punish perceived infidelity.

    Community Reaction to Crime

    • Communities responding with vigilante attacks may foster further violence, lead to social unrest, and undermine trust in legal systems.

    Rational Choice Theory Central Idea

    • Central idea of rational choice theory posits that individuals weigh costs and benefits of criminal behavior before making decisions.

    Crime Control in Classical Criminology

    • Classical criminology suggests crime can be controlled through deterrence, imposing penalties that outweigh potential benefits of crime.

    Offender-Specific Characteristics

    • Rational choice theorists emphasize that offender-specific characteristics, such as motives, skills, and opportunities, influence crime commission.

    Classical School of Criminology Developer

    • The classical school of criminology was developed by Cesare Beccaria in the 18th century.

    Personal Factors Motivating Crime

    • Rational choice theorists recognize personal factors, including economic status, upbringing, and psychological traits, that motivate someone to commit crime.

    Traits Theorists Focus

    • Traits theorists primarily focus on identifying inherent personality traits and characteristics that predispose individuals to engage in criminal behavior.

    Social Institutions Framework

    • Sociological theories of crime often explore how social institutions, such as family, education, and community, impact criminal behavior.

    Key Determinant of Criminal Behavior Patterns

    • Social structure theorists argue that socioeconomic status, neighborhood conditions, and social disorganization are key determinants in shaping criminal behavior patterns.

    Main Focus of Strain Theory

    • Strain theory focuses on how societal pressure and limited access to legitimate means of achieving success can foster criminal activity.

    Chief Determinant of Criminal Behavior in Social Process Theories

    • According to social process theories, the chief determinant of criminal behavior is the individual's social interactions and relationships.

    Main Focus of Social Control Theory

    • Social control theory emphasizes the importance of societal bonds and the influence of socialization in preventing criminal behavior.

    Main Focus of Cultural Deviance Theory

    • Cultural deviance theory explores how conformity to the values and norms of a particular subculture can lead to criminal activity.

    Motives for Crime

    • The text considers various motives for crime but does not mention revenge as a primary motive.

    Oscar Pistorius Case Motive

    • The motive behind the Oscar Pistorius case relates to a complex mix of fear and misunderstanding, resulting in tragic outcomes.
    • The text does not identify stalking as a crime potentially committed out of jealousy.

    Importance of Case Analysis

    • Analyzing the facts of each case is crucial for understanding personal motivations, contexts, and nuances of criminal behavior.

    Murder Motives Not Mentioned

    • The text does not mention financial gain as a possible motive for murder specifically.

    Purpose of the Text

    • The purpose of the text is to examine diverse motives behind criminal behavior and the theories explaining them.

    Power-Assertion vs. Power-Reassurance Rape

    • Power-assertion rape involves exerting dominance over victims, while power-reassurance rape focuses on the offender's need for validation.

    Motivation Behind Anger Rape

    • Anger rape primarily stems from the offender's rage, often unrelated to sexual desire but driven by emotional turmoil.

    Motivation Behind Sexually Motivated/Sadistic Rape

    • Sexual motivation and sadistic gratification drive sexually motivated/sadistic rape, as offenders derive pleasure from the act of violation.

    Power Rape vs. Sexually Motivated/Sadistic Rape

    • Power rape focuses on domination over the victim, while sexually motivated/sadistic rape involves deriving pleasure from the victim's suffering.

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    Test your knowledge on motives and its causes with this quiz. Learn about the distinction between the "in-group" and "out-group" and the impact it has on attitudes towards foreigners. Challenge yourself with questions on the roots of xenophobia and its manifestations in society.

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