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Questions and Answers
What is the primary difference between acute and chronic wounds?
What is the main cause of arterial ulcers?
What is the primary goal of surgical debridement in wound care?
What is the main difference between stage 1 and stage 2 pressure ulcers?
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What is the primary purpose of footwear in wound care?
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What is the primary cause of neuropathic ulcers?
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What is the primary goal of antimicrobial therapy in wound care?
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What is the primary purpose of wound lavage in wound care?
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What is a possible indication of deep tissue injury?
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In what type of skin may wound appearance differ?
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What is the primary function of Vitamin C in the wound healing process?
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What can be a characteristic of granulation tissue?
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Which of the following systemic diseases can impede wound healing?
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What can be a factor influencing the depth of tissue damage?
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What may be present in wounds with exposed or directly palpable fascia?
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What is the consequence of poor blood supply on wound healing?
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Which of the following is NOT a local factor affecting wound healing?
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What can be a complication of deep tissue injury?
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What is the primary role of Vitamin A in wound healing?
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Which of the following minerals is essential for wound healing?
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What is the consequence of anemia on wound healing?
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What is the definition of a wound?
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What is the primary indication for performing a pulse examination on a patient?
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A patient presents with a lower leg ulcer and suspected venous insufficiency. What test would be most appropriate to perform?
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What is the primary purpose of performing a Trendelenburg test on a patient?
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A patient has a history of peripheral vascular disease and presents with decreased or absent proximal pulses. What test would be most appropriate to perform?
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What is the primary purpose of the '5PT' method in wound assessment?
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What is the primary purpose of performing a rubor of dependency test on a patient?
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What is the primary purpose of performing a wound measurement using the direct method?
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A patient presents with a digital ulcer and suspected arterial insufficiency. What test would be most appropriate to perform?
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Study Notes
Wound Management
- Wound is a separation or discontinuity of the skin, mucous membrane, or tissue caused by physical, chemical, or biological insult.
- Wound healing is the process of restoration of structure and function of injured or diseased tissues.
Phases of Wound Healing
- Not specified in the provided text, but will be covered in the lecture.
Factors Affecting Wound Healing
General Factors
- Age: good healing in young age, slow in old age
- General condition: malnutrition, starvation
- Vitamins: Vit.C (synthesis of ground substance, maturation of collagen), Vit.D (new bone formation), Vit.A (epithelization)
- Minerals: zinc, copper, magnesium (helping for healing)
- Vit.B complex (co-enzymes in protein synthesis)
- Anemia: impaired wound healing
- Diabetes: impaired wound healing due to glucose tissue, ischemia, body immunity, and infection
- Uremia, jaundice, corticosteroids: impair wound healing
- Others: associated systemic disease, malignant disease, general infection, associated injuries, hypoxia, cytotoxic drugs
Local Factors
- Type of wound
- Site of wound
- Hematoma, seroma
- Necrotic tissue
- Tissue tension
- Local infection
- Foreign bodies
- Poor blood supply
- Repeated trauma
- Local radiation
- Impaired venous or lymphatic drainage
- Adhesion to bony surface
- Missed underlying pathology (e.g., T.B, malignant disease)
Classification of Wounds
- Acute wound: occurred in the last 4-6 weeks, caused by endogenous mechanisms related to a predisposing condition or risk factors
- Chronic wound: present for longer than 6 weeks, caused by endogenous mechanisms related to a predisposing condition or risk factors
Classification of Wounds According to Healing Time
- Wounds that heal within a predictable time frame
- Wounds that do not heal within a predictable time frame
Chronic Wounds
- Arterial ulcer
- Venous ulcer
- Pressure ulcer
- Neuropathic ulcer
Risk Factors for Arterial Ulcers
- Not specified in the provided text, but will be covered in the lecture.
Prevention of Pressure Ulcers
- Interdisciplinary prevention
- Stages of pressure ulcers:
- Stage 1: intact skin with a localized area of non-blanchable erythema
- Stage 2: partial-thickness loss of skin with exposed dermis
- Stage 3: full-thickness loss of skin, in which fat may be visible in the injury
- Stage 4: full-thickness skin and tissue loss with exposed or directly palpable fascia, muscle, tendon, ligament, cartilage, or bone in the injury
Wound Assessment
- 1- Patient history
- 2- Clinical assessment:
- Pulse examination
- Clinical assessment for vein thrombosis
- Lower leg ulcer
- Lower leg edema
- Suspected venous insufficiency
- 3- Wound characteristics:
- Wound location
- Wound size
- Wound drainage
- Wound odor
- Granulation tissue
- Necrotic tissue
- Other structures
- Wound edges
Wound Measurement
- Direct method (ruler)
- Tracing method
- Volumetric measurement
- Wound tunneling and undermining
- Photographic and computer-based software
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Description
This quiz assesses knowledge on wound management, including phases of wound healing, factors affecting wound healing, and classification of wounds. It also covers assessment and differentiation of various types of ulcers.
