MTI Class Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the typical healing time for wound closure of tendons and ligaments?

3-5 weeks

What occurs when a sudden decrease in stress happens while strain continues to rise?

failure point

Match the following normal end-feels:

Bone on bone = 1 Soft tissue approximation = 2 Tissue stretch = 3

What is the term for things that did not hurt before now hurting?

allodynia Signup and view all the answers

Pacinian corpuscles are found ____

in deeper layers of capsules and ligaments Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions to the single hypermobile segment:

Increased segmental mobility = 1 Full general spine mobility (may be limited if muscle guarding is present) = 2 Pain produced by prolonged stretch = 3 Muscle stiffness follows prolonged stretching = 4 Muscle stiffness relieved by exercise or movement = 5 Ligamentous tenderness in the accessible ligaments = 6 Joint predisposed to joint locking = 7 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions to the single hypomobile segment:

Loss of physiological motion = 1 Loss of accessory motion at the involved segment = 2 Increased pain at end-range = 3 Tissue texture abnormalities = 4 Presence of positional faults = 5 Signup and view all the answers

What is the closed packed position of the shoulder?

abduction and external rotation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are subjective clues that alert the clinician to the presence of 'Red Flag'? (Select all that apply)

Non-mechanical pain Signup and view all the answers

When is pain felt in high reactivity conditions?

before restriction Signup and view all the answers

What actions does the Longissimus thoracis pars lumborum produce unilaterally and bilaterally?

Sidebending unilaterally; extension bilaterally Signup and view all the answers

Match the functions of thoracolumbar fascia:

Covers back muscle, preventing displacement = 1 Provides stability for the low back = 2 Anchors spinous processes to the ilia = 3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the pain distribution for L3?

Greater trochanter, distal anterior thigh, medial side of knee Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of facet impingement?

Restriction in extension, sidebending and rotation to the opposite side Signup and view all the answers

What are the cutaneous innervations, reflex, and myotome associated with L5?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What does the Long Dorsal Ligament prevent?

Prevents counternutation of the sacrum Signup and view all the answers

Which lumbar spine ligament primarily resists flexion?

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Signup and view all the answers

What is the ROM of C0-C1?

Flexion 5, Extension 10, Rotation minimal/conjunct, Sidebend 5 Signup and view all the answers

What defines the full lumbar capsular pattern?

Symmetrical limitation and pain in rotation and sidebending, with gross restriction of extension, relatively unaffected flexion Signup and view all the answers

What does the Tectorial membrane limit?

Limits flexion, extension, and vertical translation Signup and view all the answers

What ligaments connect C2 with the occiput?

Tectorial membrane = 1 Alar ligament = 2 Apical ligament = 3 Signup and view all the answers

What does the posterior atlantoaxial ligament connect and what is it anatomically analogous to?

Connects C1/C2 = 1 Anatomically analogous to the yellow ligament = 2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the right OA sidebend arthrokinematics?

Left CO moves lateral/posterior/superior direction, creating a conjunct left rotation Signup and view all the answers

What is the shoulder resting position?

55 degrees abduction, 30 degrees horizontal adduction Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue makes up the manubriosternal junction?

Synchondrosis Signup and view all the answers

How far can collagen fibers be stretched before failure?

6-8% Signup and view all the answers

Describe the shape of the tibial condyles.

The medial condyle is bi-concave; the lateral condyle is concave medial-lateral, convex anterior-posterior Signup and view all the answers

What are the attachments of the medial meniscus?

Capsular fibers, intercondylar fossa, meniscopatellar fibers, transverse ligament, semimembranosus fibers and fibers from ACL and MCL Signup and view all the answers

De Quervain's disease is a tenosynovitis of which tendons?

Abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis Signup and view all the answers

What is the capsular pattern of the hip?

Flexion, abduction, and internal rotation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Wound Closure

Tendon and ligament wound closure typically occurs within 3 to 5 weeks.

Mechanical Properties

A sudden decrease in stress while strain continues to rise indicates a failure point.

Normal End-Feels

Bone on bone
Soft tissue approximation
Tissue stretch

Pain Sensitivity

Allodynia refers to the phenomenon where non-painful stimuli now cause pain.

Sensory Receptors

Pacinian corpuscles are located in deeper layers of capsules and ligaments, detecting pressure and vibration.

Hypermobility Characteristics

Increased segmental mobility with full general spine mobility (limited if muscle guarding present).
Pain arises from prolonged stretching.
Muscle stiffness follows prolonged stretching but is alleviated by exercise or movement.
Tenderness is found in accessible ligaments.
Joint may be prone to locking.

Hypomobility Characteristics

Loss of both physiological and accessory motion at the affected segment.
Increased pain at end-range and tissue texture abnormalities.
Presence of positional faults.

Shoulder Positions

The closed-packed position of the shoulder is achieved with abduction and external rotation.
The resting shoulder position is at 55 degrees abduction and 30 degrees horizontal adduction.

Red Flags in Clinical Assessment

Non-mechanical pain may indicate serious conditions.
History of malignancy within the past 2 years is a concern.
Onset of back pain in older age without prior symptoms serves as a red flag.

Pain Reactivity

High reactivity, or irritability, occurs when pain is experienced before restriction.

Longissimus Thoracis Actions

Unilateral action leads to side bending; bilateral action results in extension.

Thoracolumbar Fascia Function

Covers back muscles to prevent dorsal displacement.
Provides stability for the low back.
Deep fascia anchors spinous processes to the ilia.

L3 Pain Distribution

Associated with pain in the greater trochanter, distal anterior thigh, and medial side of the knee.

Facet Impingement

Characterized by restricted extension, side bending, and rotation toward the opposite side.

L5 Innervation

Cutaneous innervation includes lateral leg, anterior foot area, and first two toes.
Reflex is absent; myotome includes extensor hallucis longus and gluteus medius.

Sacral Stability

The Long Dorsal Ligament helps prevent counternutation of the sacrum.

Lumbar Spine Ligaments

The Posterior Longitudinal Ligament primarily restricts flexion.

Cervical Range of Motion

C0-C1 range of motion: Flexion 5°, Extension 10°, minimal rotation and sidebend 5°.

Lumbar Capsular Pattern

Exhibits symmetrical limitation in rotation and side bending, with significant restriction in extension; flexion remains relatively unaffected.

Tectorial Membrane Limits

Limits flexion, extension, and vertical translation of the cervical spine.

Atlanto-Occipital Connection

Ligaments connecting C2 with the occiput include the tectorial membrane, alar ligament, and apical ligament.

Cervical Ligament Anatomy

The posterior atlanto-axial ligament connects C1 and C2, resembling the yellow ligament.

OA Sidebending Arthrokinematics

Right OA side bending involves lateral, posterior, and superior movement of left CO, resulting in conjunct left rotation.

Joint and Tissue Structures

The manubriosternal junction consists of synchondrosis tissue.

Collagen Fiber Stretch Limits

Collagen fibers can be stretched up to 6-8% of their original length before failure.

Tibial Condylar Shape

Medial tibial condyle is bi-concave; lateral condyle is concave medial-lateral and convex anterior-posterior.

Medial Meniscus Attachments

Connects to capsular fibers, intercondylar fossa, meniscopatellar fibers, transverse ligament, semimembranosus fibers, as well as fibers from ACL and MCL.

De Quervain's Disease

A tenosynovitis affecting the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons.

Hip Capsular Pattern

The capsular pattern of the hip features limitation in flexion, abduction, and internal rotation.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards focused on wound healing, stress responses, and sensory definitions. These key terms are essential for understanding physical therapy and rehabilitation concepts. Perfect for students preparing for exams or those in MTI courses.