World History: Hitler's Policies and Alliances

The Axis alliance was formed in 1937 and included Germany, Italy and Japan.

Lebensraum translates to "living space" in German and represented Hitler's ambition to expand Germany eastward.

A plebiscite is a direct vote by a population to decide on a specific issue or policy, such as their rulers.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hitler intended to abolish the Treaty of Versailles and the Treaty of St. Germain, which he saw as unjust and humiliating to Germany.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hitler believed that Russia (the Soviet Union) and the states bordering Russia should be the primary targets for German military expansion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hitler argued that his policy of expansion was necessary to provide sufficient &quot;living space&quot; for the German people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It imposed harsh territorial losses on Germany. (A), It blamed Germany for the outbreak of World War I. (B), It forced Germany to pay reparations to the Allies. (C), It was signed by the 'November Criminals', those who betrayed Germany. (D), It was a constant reminder of Germany's humiliating defeat to the Allies. (F), It restricted Germany's military power. (G)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He desired to acquire Czechoslovakia and achieve the Anschluss (annexation) of Austria. (A), He feared communist expansion from Russia. (B), He believed Germany was destined to rule Europe. (C), He sought to create lebensraum (living space) in the East. (D), He wanted to reunite German-speaking people. (E), He aimed to avenge Germany's defeat in World War I. (F), The Treaty of Versailles took away German territory. (G), He wanted to secure access to natural resources like coal and iron. (H)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hitler believed that communism was a threat to Germany's survival and saw the Bolsheviks as responsible for Germany's defeat in World War I.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To regain the territory lost in World War I. (A), To challenge the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. (C), To make Germany strong again. (D), To prepare for war with the Soviet Union. (E), To intimidate neighboring countries. (F), To reduce unemployment. (G)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hitler initially rearmed in secret and then publicly declared his intention to rearm Germany, claiming that he was forced to do so because other countries refused to disarm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hitler reintroduced conscription in Germany in 1936.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Britain was sympathetic to Germany's rearmament, believing that the Treaty of Versailles restrictions on Germany's army were too severe and viewing a strong Germany as a potential buffer against communism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Anglo-German Naval Agreement of 1935 allowed Germany to expand its navy to 30% of the size of the Royal Navy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lord Lothian argued that Germany's rearmament was necessary to counter the threat of communism spreading from Russia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Between 1935 and 1939, spending on rearmament increased by three times in Germany.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By the time war broke out, military spending in Germany constituted almost half of total government spending.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The aircraft, or Luftwaffe, saw the most significant growth among the German armed forces between 1932 and 1939.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>France benefited from the coal resources of the Saarland for 15 years following the Treaty of Versailles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hitler annexed the Saar region by holding a plebiscite, in which residents voted to return to Germany.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Approximately 90% of the Saarland population voted to return to Germany in the plebiscite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Saarland plebiscite was seen a victory for Hitler as he had promised the German people that he would regain territory lost in the Treaty of Versailles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Rhineland shares borders with Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, France, and Switzerland.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Rhineland was demilitarized following World War I to prevent Germany from rebuilding its military power and threatening its neighbors, particularly France.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hitler's remilitarization of the Rhineland was a gamble because he risked facing resistance from France and Britain, potentially leading to a military conflict.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hitler believed Britain would not oppose his Rhineland remilitarization because they believed he had a right to place troops on the French border.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hitler claimed that France's signing of a treaty with the Soviet Union to protect against Germany proved that Germany was under threat and justified his presence on the French border.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were unwilling to act without British support. (A), They underestimated the threat posed by Hitler. (B), They were afraid of starting a war. (C), French leaders were preoccupied with domestic elections. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The League of Nations was distracted by the Abyssinian Crisis (the Italian invasion of Ethiopia) and was unable to respond effectively to Hitler's challenge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two sides fighting in the Spanish Civil War were the Republicans and the Nationalists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Germany and Italy supported the Nationalists, who were led by General Francisco Franco.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Germany and Japan signed the Anti-Comintern Pact in 1936.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Axis alliance was signed in 1937 and included Germany, Italy, and Japan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He wanted to break another term of the Treaty of Versailles. (A), He believed that Germany and Austria should be united. (B), He wanted access to Austria's soldiers and weapons. (D), He wanted to secure Austrian support for his expansionist plans. (E), He desired Austria's rich deposits of gold and iron. (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Appeasement refers to the policy of giving in to the demands of an aggressor in order to avoid conflict or war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neville Chamberlain, the British prime minister from 1937 to 1940, is most closely associated with the policy of appeasement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The British public supported appeasement because they feared another war after the horrors of World War I and believed that appeasement would prevent conflict.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Treaty of Versailles was too harsh and needed to be revised. (A), A strong Germany could serve as a buffer against the spread of communism. (B), After appeasement, Germany would become peaceful and respect international agreements. (D), Memories of World War I made people wish to avoid another war at all costs. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was a betrayal of moral principles. (A), It allowed Hitler to gain confidence and continue his aggressive actions. (B), It did not deter Hitler's aggressive ambitions. (C), It would not have been effective in preventing war. (D), It failed to prevent a war. (E), It demonstrated weakness and encouraged Hitler to make further demands. (F), It did not address the underlying issues of the Treaty of Versailles. (G), It betrayed Czechoslovakia and other potential victims of German aggression. (H)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Czechoslovakia presented a risk for Hitler because Britain, France, and the Soviet Union had promised to defend Czechoslovakia if it was invaded, and Czechoslovakia had a well-equipped army ready to fight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hitler could use the Sudetenland as a launching pad for a full-scale invasion of Czechoslovakia. (A), Czechoslovakia's modern army posed a threat to Germany. (B), The Sudetenland had strategically important fortifications and defenses. (C), Hitler wanted to reunite all German-speaking people. (D), Hitler needed to secure control of the Sudetenland before attacking Poland to create lebensraum. (E), Czechoslovakian territory extended deep into German borders. (F), The Sudetenland contained crucial Czech mines and industries. (H)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hitler used the Sudetenland Nazi party, led by Konrad Henlein, to demand that the Sudetenland be incorporated into Germany.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>On September 15th, 1938, Hitler initially demanded only parts of the Sudetenland, but on September 19th, he demanded the entire Sudetenland.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Munich Conference, held on September 29th, 1938, was attended by Britain, Germany, France, and Italy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Czechoslovakia was angered by the Munich Agreement because it directly affected their territory and sovereignty without their participation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Soviet Union was angered by their exclusion from the Munich Agreement because it signaled a lack of trust and undermined their security guarantees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chamberlain continued to increase arms spending in Britain in preparation for war, suggesting that he viewed the Munich Agreement as a temporary measure to buy time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stalin was concerned about the German threat because he observed the League of Nations' failure to act in the Abyssinian crisis and the Spanish Civil War, France's lack of action against Hitler on their own border, and the support for German rearmament by some British politicians. He was also excluded from the Munich Agreement, further confirming his mistrust of the West.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Joachim von Ribbentrop, the Nazi foreign minister, negotiated the Nazi-Soviet Pact with Stalin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They agreed to divide Poland between them. (A), They agreed not to attack each other. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Nazi-Soviet Pact was signed in August 1939.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The alliance of Germany, Italy and Japan agreed in 1937

Literally "living space" - Hitler's aim to expand Germany into the East

A vote by the people to decide on their rulers

Germany left the League of Nations; Hitler became chancellor

Hitler attempted to take over Austria but was stopped by Mussolini

Hitler reintroduced conscription in Germany and remilitarised the Rhineland

Hitler invaded Austria and later took Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia

Hitler invaded Czechoslovakia then Poland, causing WWII

Hitler aimed to abolish the Treaty of Versailles and Treaty of St Germain

Hitler thought Russia and states bordering Russia should be the focus for military expansion

Hitler wanted large spaces for the nourishment and settlement of Germans

Reasons for wanting to abolish it: humiliation, November Criminals, army limitations