Podcast
Questions and Answers
What do low income, low occupational prestige, and low education levels lead to in the workplace?
What do low income, low occupational prestige, and low education levels lead to in the workplace?
- Increased personal satisfaction and fewer work stressors
- Decreased personal control and increased work stressors (correct)
- Heightened personal control and decreased work stressors
- Unchanged personal control and work stress levels
What impact do high work stressors have over time?
What impact do high work stressors have over time?
- Lead to high health problems (correct)
- Increase personal satisfaction
- Decrease perceived control
- Improve occupational prestige
How does culture influence individuals' choice of coping strategies in response to stress?
How does culture influence individuals' choice of coping strategies in response to stress?
- By limiting the number of available coping strategies
- Through shared values and characteristics (correct)
- By eliminating the need for coping strategies
- By dictating specific coping mechanisms universally
What role do social role expectations and geopolitical circumstances play in creating stressors in different cultures?
What role do social role expectations and geopolitical circumstances play in creating stressors in different cultures?
How do affluence and poverty relate to stress according to the text?
How do affluence and poverty relate to stress according to the text?
What factor has been linked to coronary heart disease (CHD) in Low SES African-American individuals?
What factor has been linked to coronary heart disease (CHD) in Low SES African-American individuals?
Which group has not been found to be at a higher risk for hypertension despite low SES?
Which group has not been found to be at a higher risk for hypertension despite low SES?
What has low SES been associated with in terms of stressful work environments?
What has low SES been associated with in terms of stressful work environments?
What is a common characteristic of individuals with a hostile style according to the study?
What is a common characteristic of individuals with a hostile style according to the study?
Which factor has been correlated with negative health outcomes according to the text?
Which factor has been correlated with negative health outcomes according to the text?
What is the key variable in understanding the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and health outcomes?
What is the key variable in understanding the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and health outcomes?
What does Subjective SES refer to?
What does Subjective SES refer to?
What did the study by Ayalon in 2008 find about perceived SES among long-term care staff?
What did the study by Ayalon in 2008 find about perceived SES among long-term care staff?
How are lower SES and increased socioecologic stressors related?
How are lower SES and increased socioecologic stressors related?
Which factor enhances the impact that socioeconomic status (SES) has on health according to the text?
Which factor enhances the impact that socioeconomic status (SES) has on health according to the text?
In a study on coping strategies, what did the results show about mean mental defeat in independent vs interdependent cultures among people without PTSD?
In a study on coping strategies, what did the results show about mean mental defeat in independent vs interdependent cultures among people without PTSD?
Which cultural value may influence the acceptability of emotional expression of stress, leading individuals to report bodily symptoms instead?
Which cultural value may influence the acceptability of emotional expression of stress, leading individuals to report bodily symptoms instead?
What trend has been observed in the family structure due to sociocultural changes related to an increase in life expectancy?
What trend has been observed in the family structure due to sociocultural changes related to an increase in life expectancy?
What was the goal of the study that focused on the impact of cultural differences in self on cognitive appraisals in PTSD?
What was the goal of the study that focused on the impact of cultural differences in self on cognitive appraisals in PTSD?
What did the study reveal about the rating of mean mental defeat in independent vs interdependent cultures among trauma survivors with PTSD?
What did the study reveal about the rating of mean mental defeat in independent vs interdependent cultures among trauma survivors with PTSD?
Cultural values have no impact on the choice of coping strategies when dealing with stress.
Cultural values have no impact on the choice of coping strategies when dealing with stress.
People with PTSD from interdependent cultures tend to report higher mean mental defeat compared to those from independent cultures.
People with PTSD from interdependent cultures tend to report higher mean mental defeat compared to those from independent cultures.
One of the trends related to sociocultural changes is the increase in the number of adult children returning home after marriage.
One of the trends related to sociocultural changes is the increase in the number of adult children returning home after marriage.
Spiritual coping is not mentioned as a coping strategy influenced by cultural values.
Spiritual coping is not mentioned as a coping strategy influenced by cultural values.
The study on cognitive appraisals in PTSD focused solely on trauma survivors from individualist cultures.
The study on cognitive appraisals in PTSD focused solely on trauma survivors from individualist cultures.
Match the following coping strategies with their cultural influence:
Match the following coping strategies with their cultural influence:
Match the following sociocultural trends with their implications:
Match the following sociocultural trends with their implications:
Match the following concepts with their description:
Match the following concepts with their description:
Match the following study results with their implications on cultural differences:
Match the following study results with their implications on cultural differences:
Match the following factors with their impact on stress according to the text:
Match the following factors with their impact on stress according to the text:
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Study Notes
Sociocultural Factors in Stress
Socioeconomic Status (SES) and Stress
- SES is a crucial variable for understanding health outcomes related to stress.
- Mediators of health impacts due to SES include resources like education, income, employment status, and wealth.
- Social status refers to an individual's relative position within societal hierarchies, which can impact wellbeing.
- Environmental factors such as neighborhood and social support contribute to stress levels.
Subjective SES
- Subjective SES is an individual’s perception of their social status in comparison to others.
- Feeling that others have a higher status can lead to increased stress.
- Ayalon (2008) study found that higher perceived SES is linked to lower burnout rates among long-term care staff and more positive caregiving experiences.
Chronic Stressors
- Individuals with lower SES face more socioecological stressors, such as housing, financial instability, and job insecurity.
- Poor conditions exacerbate the health impacts of low SES, highlighting stress as a mediator.
Mediators of Stress Impact
- Race and ethnicity play significant roles in the relationship between SES and stress.
- Disadvantaged minorities, particularly African-Americans, experience higher rates of hypertension linked to low SES.
- Discrimination contributes to the disparities, while Latin-Americans show different risk profiles despite low SES.
- Hostility and low social support correlate with increased cardiovascular health risks in low SES African-American populations.
Work Stress and Control
- Lower personal control is associated with higher stress and negative health outcomes.
- Work-related stress is more prevalent among low SES individuals who often face chronic stressors, such as workplace conflicts and job dangers.
- Recognition and respect at the workplace differ by SES, affecting stress perceptions and environmental appraisals.
Study Insights on SES and Control
- Research involving Canadian workers indicated that low income, low occupational prestige, and lower education correlate with heightened work stress and reduced personal control.
- Over time, low personal control can lead to chronic work stressors, which in turn contribute to adverse health effects.
Cross-Cultural Differences
- Culture shapes stress responses, influencing the types of stressors, their appraisal, and coping strategies.
- Different cultures introduce variable stressors influenced by social roles, geopolitical contexts, and expectations.
- Subcultures may experience and respond to stress differently, causing variability in stress management.
- Both poverty and affluence present unique stressors, contributing to the complexity of stress experience across cultural contexts.
Cultural Impact on Stress Appraisal
- The perception and definition of stress can differ significantly among various cultures.
- What is deemed stressful can vary widely, depending on cultural values and expectations.
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