Sociocultural factors of Stress
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Questions and Answers

What do low income, low occupational prestige, and low education levels lead to in the workplace?

  • Increased personal satisfaction and fewer work stressors
  • Decreased personal control and increased work stressors (correct)
  • Heightened personal control and decreased work stressors
  • Unchanged personal control and work stress levels

    • What impact do high work stressors have over time?

  • Lead to high health problems (correct)
  • Increase personal satisfaction
  • Decrease perceived control
  • Improve occupational prestige

    • How does culture influence individuals' choice of coping strategies in response to stress?

  • By limiting the number of available coping strategies
  • Through shared values and characteristics (correct)
  • By eliminating the need for coping strategies
  • By dictating specific coping mechanisms universally

    • What role do social role expectations and geopolitical circumstances play in creating stressors in different cultures?

    <p>They contribute to the creation of unique stressors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do affluence and poverty relate to stress according to the text?

    <p>Both create unique stressors despite differing circumstances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor has been linked to coronary heart disease (CHD) in Low SES African-American individuals?

    <p>Higher hostility and increased stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group has not been found to be at a higher risk for hypertension despite low SES?

    <p>Latin-Americans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has low SES been associated with in terms of stressful work environments?

    <p>More chronic stressors like conflict, boredom, and hostility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of individuals with a hostile style according to the study?

    <p>More chronic stressors like social conflict</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor has been correlated with negative health outcomes according to the text?

    <p>Low feelings of control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key variable in understanding the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and health outcomes?

    <p>Income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Subjective SES refer to?

    <p>Perception of one's social status in relation to others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the study by Ayalon in 2008 find about perceived SES among long-term care staff?

    <p>Higher SES predicted lower levels of burnout and more positive caregiving experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are lower SES and increased socioecologic stressors related?

    <p>Lower SES is related to increased stressors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor enhances the impact that socioeconomic status (SES) has on health according to the text?

    <p>Worsening living conditions, financial status, and employment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a study on coping strategies, what did the results show about mean mental defeat in independent vs interdependent cultures among people without PTSD?

    <p>Mean mental defeat was lower in Independent cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cultural value may influence the acceptability of emotional expression of stress, leading individuals to report bodily symptoms instead?

    <p>Collectivism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What trend has been observed in the family structure due to sociocultural changes related to an increase in life expectancy?

    <p>Adult children are returning home after marriage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the goal of the study that focused on the impact of cultural differences in self on cognitive appraisals in PTSD?

    <p>To understand how cultural values influence coping strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the study reveal about the rating of mean mental defeat in independent vs interdependent cultures among trauma survivors with PTSD?

    <p>Mean mental defeat was higher in Interdependent cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cultural values have no impact on the choice of coping strategies when dealing with stress.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    People with PTSD from interdependent cultures tend to report higher mean mental defeat compared to those from independent cultures.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One of the trends related to sociocultural changes is the increase in the number of adult children returning home after marriage.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Spiritual coping is not mentioned as a coping strategy influenced by cultural values.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The study on cognitive appraisals in PTSD focused solely on trauma survivors from individualist cultures.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following coping strategies with their cultural influence:

    <p>Emotional expression of stress = Less acceptable in Asian cultures Bodily symptoms reporting = More common in certain cultures Spiritual Coping = Influenced by cultural values Collective vs Individualistic Coping = Differences in cultural backgrounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following sociocultural trends with their implications:

    <p>Increase in life expectancy = People living longer Delayed marriage and fewer children = Changing family dynamics Adult children living at home for education = Trend in educational pursuit Returning home after divorce = Increasing phenomenon in some cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts with their description:

    <p>Cultural deprivation = Impact on upbringing and social environment Family Structure and Kinship practices = Influenced by cultural norms Child rearing practices = Cultural variations in parenting methods Caregiving responsibilities = Cultural expectations on providing care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following study results with their implications on cultural differences:

    <p>Lower mental defeat rating in Independent cultures = Cognitive appraisal variation based on culture Stronger increase in mental defeat rating in Independent cultures = Culture's effect on PTSD outcomes PTSD impact on mental defeat in Interdependent culture = Cultural influence on coping mechanisms Comparison of PTSD survivors from different cultures = Understanding of cultural diversity in trauma responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following factors with their impact on stress according to the text:

    <p>Affluence = Relation to stress management Poverty = Association with increased stress levels Social role expectations = Stressor creation influenced by culture Geopolitical circumstances = Cultural variation in stress perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Sociocultural Factors in Stress

    Socioeconomic Status (SES) and Stress

    • SES is a crucial variable for understanding health outcomes related to stress.
    • Mediators of health impacts due to SES include resources like education, income, employment status, and wealth.
    • Social status refers to an individual's relative position within societal hierarchies, which can impact wellbeing.
    • Environmental factors such as neighborhood and social support contribute to stress levels.

    Subjective SES

    • Subjective SES is an individual’s perception of their social status in comparison to others.
    • Feeling that others have a higher status can lead to increased stress.
    • Ayalon (2008) study found that higher perceived SES is linked to lower burnout rates among long-term care staff and more positive caregiving experiences.

    Chronic Stressors

    • Individuals with lower SES face more socioecological stressors, such as housing, financial instability, and job insecurity.
    • Poor conditions exacerbate the health impacts of low SES, highlighting stress as a mediator.

    Mediators of Stress Impact

    • Race and ethnicity play significant roles in the relationship between SES and stress.
    • Disadvantaged minorities, particularly African-Americans, experience higher rates of hypertension linked to low SES.
    • Discrimination contributes to the disparities, while Latin-Americans show different risk profiles despite low SES.
    • Hostility and low social support correlate with increased cardiovascular health risks in low SES African-American populations.

    Work Stress and Control

    • Lower personal control is associated with higher stress and negative health outcomes.
    • Work-related stress is more prevalent among low SES individuals who often face chronic stressors, such as workplace conflicts and job dangers.
    • Recognition and respect at the workplace differ by SES, affecting stress perceptions and environmental appraisals.

    Study Insights on SES and Control

    • Research involving Canadian workers indicated that low income, low occupational prestige, and lower education correlate with heightened work stress and reduced personal control.
    • Over time, low personal control can lead to chronic work stressors, which in turn contribute to adverse health effects.

    Cross-Cultural Differences

    • Culture shapes stress responses, influencing the types of stressors, their appraisal, and coping strategies.
    • Different cultures introduce variable stressors influenced by social roles, geopolitical contexts, and expectations.
    • Subcultures may experience and respond to stress differently, causing variability in stress management.
    • Both poverty and affluence present unique stressors, contributing to the complexity of stress experience across cultural contexts.

    Cultural Impact on Stress Appraisal

    • The perception and definition of stress can differ significantly among various cultures.
    • What is deemed stressful can vary widely, depending on cultural values and expectations.

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    Sociocultural Factors in Stress PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on a study that examines how work position and socioeconomic status influence perceived control and stress levels at the workplace. Explore the correlation between SES factors like income, occupational prestige, and education with personal control and work stressors.

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