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Work and Energy in Physics

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Questions and Answers

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

K.E. = 1/2 mv²

What is the equation for elastic potential energy?

Elastic potential energy = 0.5 × spring constant × (extension)²

What is the equation for gravitational potential energy?

E = m × g × h

What energy transfers occur as a person throws a ball up in the air, and it falls back down?

When you throw the ball upwards, you are doing work on it causing it to accelerate, gaining kinetic energy. This kinetic energy is converted into gravitational potential energy as the ball rises and slows down. As the ball falls, gravitational potential energy is converted back into kinetic energy. When the ball hits the ground, the kinetic energy is dissipated to the surroundings as heat and sound. Signup and view all the answers

If the units of energy are joules (J), what are the units for work done?

Joules (D) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following units with their base quantities.

Joules = Energy Newtons = Force metres = Distance Kilograms = Mass Signup and view all the answers

How are 'work done' and 'energy transferred' linked?

They are equal (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct equation for force?

Force = work done ÷ distance (D) Signup and view all the answers

A cyclist uses a constant braking force of 89N to stop his bicycle in a distance of 72m. Calculate the work done by the braking force to stop the bicycle. Give the unit.

6408 J (C) Signup and view all the answers

Convert 250cm into m.

0.25 m (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the work done when a weightlifter uses a force of 20N to lift a weight of 50kg? The weight is lifted a distance of 1m

100J (C) Signup and view all the answers

A cyclist accelerates from a set of lights. The driving force of the back tyre on the ground is 250N. How much work is done when the cyclist travels 5m?

1250J (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Learning Intentions and Success Criteria

Students aim to understand and calculate work done by a force.
Key skills include explaining work in science, connecting work to energy, and calculating work done.

Key Words

Work
Energy
Distance
Force

Equations

Kinetic Energy (KE): KE = 1/2 * m * v² (where m = mass, v = velocity)
Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE): E = m * g * h (where m = mass, g = gravitational field strength, h = height)
Elastic Potential Energy: 0.5 × spring constant × (extension)²
Work Done: W = F × s (where W = work done, F = force, s = distance)

Work and Energy

Applying a force that moves an object means energy is transferred to the object, signifying work done.
Work done is measured in Joules (J).
Energy transferred is equal to work done.

Friction and Heat

Work done against friction results in heat transfer.
Example: Brake pads getting hot when applied for a long time. Energy transfers from kinetic energy to thermal energy in the brake pads.

Example Calculations

Students should be able to calculate work done given force and distance.

Recap: Base Units

Examples of base units are mentioned (temperature, mass, pressure, force, volume, and distance).

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Description

This quiz focuses on understanding and calculating work done by a force in physics. Students will explore the relationship between work and energy, including key concepts such as kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, and the effects of friction. Prepare to apply equations and solve problems related to these important topics.