Work, Energy, and Power Concepts

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Work, Energy, and Power

Work is done when a force causes a displacement
Work = Force x displacement x cos(theta)
- theta is the angle between force and displacement
Special cases:
- theta = 0°: Work = Force x displacement (force and displacement are in the same direction)
- theta = 90°: Work = 0 (force and displacement are perpendicular)
Units of work: Joule (J) in SI, erg in CGS
Power is the rate of doing work
Power = Work / time
Units of power: Watt (W) in SI

Different Types of Energy

Mechanical energy:
- Potential energy (U): Energy due to position
  - Gravitational potential energy (U = mgh) where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity and h is height
  - Elastic potential energy(energy stored in stretched or compressed objects).
- Kinetic energy (K): Energy due to motion
  - Translational, rotational and vibrational.
Other forms of energy: Chemical, heat, electrical, nuclear, sound, light.

Principle of Conservation of Energy

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed
The total energy of a closed system remains constant.
U + K = constant (for a freely falling body) where U is potential energy and K is kinetic energy
In a pendulum, the total energy remains constant as potential and kinetic energy interconvert.

Test your understanding of work, energy, and power concepts in physics. This quiz covers definitions, formulas, units, and types of energy including mechanical, potential, and kinetic energy. Explore the principle of conservation of energy and its applications.