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Questions and Answers
Which process involves adding elements at the beginning of a word?
Which process involves adding elements at the beginning of a word?
What term describes morphemes that must be attached to a root word to convey meaning?
What term describes morphemes that must be attached to a root word to convey meaning?
Which of the following is an example of a pejorative prefix?
Which of the following is an example of a pejorative prefix?
What is the main objective of the word formation process?
What is the main objective of the word formation process?
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Which type of morpheme does 'un-' represent in the word 'undo'?
Which type of morpheme does 'un-' represent in the word 'undo'?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of affixation?
Which of the following is NOT a type of affixation?
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The prefix 'inter-' in 'international' indicates which of the following?
The prefix 'inter-' in 'international' indicates which of the following?
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Which of the following is an example of a class prefix?
Which of the following is an example of a class prefix?
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What is the primary characteristic of back formation in word-formation processes?
What is the primary characteristic of back formation in word-formation processes?
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Which word is an example of blending?
Which word is an example of blending?
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In the context of word formation, what does borrowing refer to?
In the context of word formation, what does borrowing refer to?
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Which of the following is a recognized process of word formation?
Which of the following is a recognized process of word formation?
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What is the primary function of a phrase in word formation?
What is the primary function of a phrase in word formation?
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Which of the following pairs represents a correct example of borrowing?
Which of the following pairs represents a correct example of borrowing?
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Which of the following is an example of clipping?
Which of the following is an example of clipping?
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What does the term 'blending' refer to in linguistics?
What does the term 'blending' refer to in linguistics?
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Which of the following is an example of derivational affixation?
Which of the following is an example of derivational affixation?
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What is the difference between compounding and conversion?
What is the difference between compounding and conversion?
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Which word formation process is used in 'bookcase'?
Which word formation process is used in 'bookcase'?
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Which of the following is an example of an acronym?
Which of the following is an example of an acronym?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of word formation process discussed in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a type of word formation process discussed in the text?
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In the word 'booklet', what kind of affixation is used?
In the word 'booklet', what kind of affixation is used?
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Flashcards
Word Formation Process
Word Formation Process
A branch of Morphology focused on creating new words by modifying existing ones.
Morpheme
Morpheme
The smallest meaningful unit of language, which can be free or bound.
Affixation
Affixation
A word formation process that adds prefixes or suffixes to a base word.
Prefixation
Prefixation
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Suffixation
Suffixation
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Pejorative
Pejorative
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Negative Prefixes
Negative Prefixes
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Attitudinal Prefixes
Attitudinal Prefixes
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Inflectional Affixation
Inflectional Affixation
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Derivational Affixation
Derivational Affixation
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Compounding
Compounding
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Conversion
Conversion
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Abbreviation
Abbreviation
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Acronyms
Acronyms
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Examples of Derivation
Examples of Derivation
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Back Formation
Back Formation
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Blending
Blending
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Borrowing
Borrowing
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Clipping
Clipping
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Example of Acronym
Example of Acronym
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Example of Back Formation
Example of Back Formation
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Example of Blending
Example of Blending
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Study Notes
Word Formation Processes
- Word formation is a branch of morphology that expands vocabulary
- It creates new words by modifying or changing existing words
- Different processes form new words based on other words or morphemes
Types of Word Formation Processes
1. Affixation
- Uses prefixes and suffixes to base words creating new words
- Morphemes are the smallest meaningful units in a language
- Free morphemes stand alone; bound morphemes need other morphemes for meaning
- Prefixation adds a bound morpheme to the beginning of a word
- Pejorative: negative connotations (e.g., pseudo-intellectual)
- Negative: opposite of positive (e.g., non-existence)
- Attitudinal: agreement/disagreement (e.g., cooperate)
- Classifiers: describe categories (e.g., postwar)
- Temporal/Locative: describing time/location (e.g., inter-marry)
- Suffixation adds a bound morpheme to the end of a word
- Forms words like teacher, educationist, hopelessness
2. Compounding
- Combines two or more free morphemes to create a new word
- Can or cannot use hyphens (e.g., bookcase, ice-cream)
3. Conversion
- Changes the class of a word without changing spelling or adding suffixes or prefixes
- The difference in meaning is determined by emphasis/stress placement
- Example: record vs. record (stress pattern changes)
4. Abbreviation
- Shortens words or phrases to create a new word
- Examples: Jr., Mr., Dr., PIN, PhD
5. Acronyms
- Creates a word by taking initials of words in a phrase or sentence
- Pronounced as a single word (e.g., PIN, AWOL)
6. Back Formation
- Removes a derivational affix to create a new word
- Opposite of the usual derivation method
7. Blending
- Combines parts of two words, creating a new word
- Examples: Brunch (breakfast + lunch), Motel (motor + hotel)
8. Borrowing
- Takes words from one language and incorporates them into another
- Example: Pizza, Algebra
9. Clipping
- Shortens words by removing syllables
- Examples: Fluenza shortened to flu, Refrigerator shortened to fridge
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of word formation processes in morphology. This quiz covers essential concepts like affixation, prefixes, and suffixes, helping you understand how new words are created from existing ones. Enhance your linguistic knowledge with practical examples and definitions.