M+S L3)Morphology and Syntax: Word Formation
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for a word that consists of one free morpheme?

  • Polymorpheme
  • Simplex word (correct)
  • Complex word
  • Compound word

Which of the following is an example of a bound morpheme?

  • Music
  • Couch
  • Pre- (correct)
  • Toad

What is the term for the process of creating new words by adding morphemes to a root word?

  • Inflection
  • Syntax
  • Derivation (correct)
  • Morphology

Which of the following is an example of an inflectional change?

<p>Child &gt; children (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a word that consists of multiple morphemes?

<p>Complex word (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a word that is formed by combining two or more free morphemes?

<p>Compound word (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a right-headed compound word?

<p>The first part is usually stressed and the base is always the final word (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compound word is 'jumpsuit'?

<p>Verb-noun compound (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a compound word with no space between words?

<p>Closed compound (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an adjective compound?

<p>Sky blue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a word that is formed by combining two or more bases?

<p>Compound word (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a compound word that consists of a verb and a preposition?

<p>Preposition Compound (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a derivational suffix?

<p>It changes the part of speech of the base word (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following words is an example of a verb compound?

<p>Spoon-feed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a compound word that consists of a noun and a verb?

<p>Noun Compound (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following words is an example of an adjective compound?

<p>Ice-cold (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a compound word that consists of a verb and another verb?

<p>Verb Compound (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following words is an example of a preposition compound?

<p>Sun-down (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between inflectional and derivational morphology?

<p>Inflectional morphology involves changing a word's form to fit grammatical contexts, whereas derivational morphology involves creating new words with different meanings or categories from their bases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a word that consists of a root word and one or more bound morphemes?

<p>Complex word</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of derivational morphology?

<p>To create new words with different meanings or categories from their bases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does inflectional morphology differ from derivational morphology in terms of the resulting words?

<p>Inflectional morphology creates sub-forms of a word, whereas derivational morphology creates new words with different meanings or categories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of morphemes in word formation?

<p>To create new words or modify existing words to convey different meanings or grammatical functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between a lexeme and a morpheme?

<p>A lexeme is a word or a unit of meaning, and a morpheme is a component of a lexeme that conveys a specific meaning or function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a noun compound and an adjective compound in terms of their constituent parts?

<p>A noun compound consists of two nouns or an adjective and a noun, whereas an adjective compound consists of a noun and an adjective or two adjectives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the linguistic term for the process of creating a new word by combining a base with a derivational suffix or prefix?

<p>Derivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the stress pattern of a compound word typically differ from that of a non-compound word?

<p>The first part of a compound word is usually stressed, whereas the stress pattern of a non-compound word can vary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key distinction between an inflectional suffix and a derivational suffix in terms of their function?

<p>Inflectional suffixes indicate grammatical function, whereas derivational suffixes change the meaning or part of speech of a word.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a word that consists of two or more free morphemes, and what is an example of such a word?

<p>A compound word, such as 'windmill'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a close compound and an open compound in terms of their orthography?

<p>A close compound has no space between the words, whereas an open compound has an apparent space between the words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compound word is 'loudmouth' and what is the classification of this compound word?

<p>'Loudmouth' is an adjective compound and it is classified as 'A' (n.+ adj.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compound word is 'breakdown' and what is the classification of this compound word?

<p>'Breakdown' is a verb compound and it is classified as 'D' (prep.+ v.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a word that consists of a verb and a preposition, as seen in the word 'drive-through'?

<p>The term for a word that consists of a verb and a preposition is a preposition compound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compound word is 'cutthroat' and what is the classification of this compound word?

<p>'Cutthroat' is a noun compound and it is classified as 'A' (n.+ n.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compound word is 'snowman' and what is the classification of this compound word?

<p>'Snowman' is a noun compound and it is classified as 'A' (n.+ n.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compound word is 'whitewash' and what is the classification of this compound word?

<p>'Whitewash' is a verb compound and it is classified as 'B' (adj.+ v.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Morphology and Syntax

  • Morphology: study of structure and formation of words
  • Syntax: study of arrangement of words to form sentences

Classification of Compounding

  • Compounding: word formation process where two or more words combine to form a new word
  • Types of compounding:
    • Noun Compound: (A) n.+ n.: windmill, bookstore, fireengine, oil-well; (B) adj.+ n.: greenhouse, blue-bird, blackboard, hard hat; (C) v.+ n.: jumpsuit
    • Adjective Compound: (A) n.+ adj.: sky blue, cherry red, rock hard, citywide; (B) adj.+ adj.:
    • Verb Compound: (A) n.+ v.: spoon-feed, steam-roll, babysit, rainfall; (B) adj.+ v.: dry-clean, whitewash, lowrise, slow-cook; (C) v.+ v.: drop-kick, sleepwalk; (D) prep.+ v.: over-develop
    • Preposition Compound: (A) n.+ prep.: sundown, sun-up; (B) adj.+ prep.: slowdown; (C) v.+ prep.: breakdown, drive-through

Inflection and Derivation

  • Inflection: formation of new words by adding affixes to roots, does not change word category or meaning
  • Derivation: formation of new words by adding affixes to roots, changes word category or meaning
  • Inflectional categories:
    • Noun: (A) Number: child > children, mouse > mice; (B) Possession: boy's
    • Verb: (A) Person: I teach > he teaches; (B) Tense & Aspect: do > did, done; (C) Voice: follow > following, followed
    • Adjective: Degree: lovely > lovelier, loveliest
  • Derivational categories:
    • Meaning Change: unease, mislead, designer, dentist
    • Category / Class Change: democracy, democratize, democrat, democratic

Morphemes and Lexemes

  • Morpheme: smallest unit of language that carries meaning
  • Lexeme: individual word or dictionary word
  • Types of morphemes:
    • Free morpheme: can stand alone as a word
    • Bound morpheme: cannot stand alone as a word
  • Examples of morphemes: pre-, dis-, in-, un-, trans-, -ful, -able, -ment, -ise, ly…

Tree Diagram

  • Visual representation of word structure and formation

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Description

Test your knowledge of word formation in English morphology and syntax. This quiz covers morphemes, free and bound words, prefixes, suffixes, and more. Learn to identify and analyze word structures.

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