Podcast
Questions and Answers
A company excels in its domestic market due to a specific business model perfectly suited to local conditions. However, this model proves ineffective when the company expands internationally. What concept does this scenario best illustrate?
A company excels in its domestic market due to a specific business model perfectly suited to local conditions. However, this model proves ineffective when the company expands internationally. What concept does this scenario best illustrate?
- Economies of scale
- Paradox of fit (correct)
- First-mover advantage
- Liability of foreignness
Which of the following is the most direct example of 'liability of foreignness' for a U.S. company entering the German market?
Which of the following is the most direct example of 'liability of foreignness' for a U.S. company entering the German market?
- The need to comply with unfamiliar German environmental regulations. (correct)
- Easy access to established distribution networks already serving the European Union.
- Lower production costs due to cheaper labor in Germany.
- Gaining immediate brand recognition due to the 'Made in USA' label.
A Canadian retail company known for its exceptional customer service is expanding into the United States. They discover that U.S. customers have different expectations regarding service interactions. What challenge are they most likely facing?
A Canadian retail company known for its exceptional customer service is expanding into the United States. They discover that U.S. customers have different expectations regarding service interactions. What challenge are they most likely facing?
- Overcoming liability of foreignness. (correct)
- Utilizing a blue ocean strategy.
- Establishing a first-mover advantage.
- Exploiting economies of scale.
A software company developed a highly successful product perfectly aligned with the technological infrastructure and user preferences in its home country. Upon international expansion, they find that other countries have different technological standards and user expectations, requiring significant product modifications. This scenario exemplifies:
A software company developed a highly successful product perfectly aligned with the technological infrastructure and user preferences in its home country. Upon international expansion, they find that other countries have different technological standards and user expectations, requiring significant product modifications. This scenario exemplifies:
Which of the following scenarios illustrates a firm actively mitigating 'liability of foreignness' when entering a new international market?
Which of the following scenarios illustrates a firm actively mitigating 'liability of foreignness' when entering a new international market?
A company initially enters foreign markets through exporting. What stage of industry globalization does this represent?
A company initially enters foreign markets through exporting. What stage of industry globalization does this represent?
Which of the following is the MOST significant driver for companies to expand globally due to competitive pressures?
Which of the following is the MOST significant driver for companies to expand globally due to competitive pressures?
What is a key disadvantage of the area (geographic) division structure in international business?
What is a key disadvantage of the area (geographic) division structure in international business?
In a global matrix structure, to whom do managers typically report?
In a global matrix structure, to whom do managers typically report?
What is the primary focus of the 'front-end' of the front-end/back-end structure?
What is the primary focus of the 'front-end' of the front-end/back-end structure?
Which factor determines the strategic importance of a local market in Bartlett and Ghoshal's subsidiary role typology?
Which factor determines the strategic importance of a local market in Bartlett and Ghoshal's subsidiary role typology?
A global product division structure aims to maximize which of the following?
A global product division structure aims to maximize which of the following?
A company with a strong brand recognition decides to expand internationally. How would you classify this advantage in the context of international business strategy?
A company with a strong brand recognition decides to expand internationally. How would you classify this advantage in the context of international business strategy?
A manufacturing company is considering expanding its operations to a new country. According to Porter's Diamond, which of the following factors would be MOST important to analyze to determine the potential competitive advantage of that country?
A manufacturing company is considering expanding its operations to a new country. According to Porter's Diamond, which of the following factors would be MOST important to analyze to determine the potential competitive advantage of that country?
A software company is considering expanding into a new international market. Which of the following CAGE dimensions would be MOST relevant to consider?
A software company is considering expanding into a new international market. Which of the following CAGE dimensions would be MOST relevant to consider?
A company decides to expand internationally to leverage economies of scale and increase profitability. Which of the following 'WHY' questions of international business strategy is the company primarily addressing?
A company decides to expand internationally to leverage economies of scale and increase profitability. Which of the following 'WHY' questions of international business strategy is the company primarily addressing?
What is the MOST direct way a company can achieve 'Differentiation' when deciding WHY to expand internationally?
What is the MOST direct way a company can achieve 'Differentiation' when deciding WHY to expand internationally?
A company is considering expanding into a new international market. Which of the following reflects a 'Development' strategy, as described by Alcácer?
A company is considering expanding into a new international market. Which of the following reflects a 'Development' strategy, as described by Alcácer?
A multinational corporation is deciding whether to standardize its marketing campaign across all international markets or to adapt it to each local market. According to the content, what is the critical balance companies need to achieve?
A multinational corporation is deciding whether to standardize its marketing campaign across all international markets or to adapt it to each local market. According to the content, what is the critical balance companies need to achieve?
According to the CAGE framework, which distance dimension is most directly affected by differences in legal systems and regulatory environments between two countries?
According to the CAGE framework, which distance dimension is most directly affected by differences in legal systems and regulatory environments between two countries?
A company wants to enter a new international market with minimal initial investment and risk. Which entry mode would be most suitable?
A company wants to enter a new international market with minimal initial investment and risk. Which entry mode would be most suitable?
A company centralizes its manufacturing operations in a single location to serve the global market, taking advantage of significant cost efficiencies. Which lever for adding value is the company primarily utilizing?
A company centralizes its manufacturing operations in a single location to serve the global market, taking advantage of significant cost efficiencies. Which lever for adding value is the company primarily utilizing?
When choosing a local partner in a new international market, what critical aspect should a company prioritize to avoid potential problems, according to the lecture?
When choosing a local partner in a new international market, what critical aspect should a company prioritize to avoid potential problems, according to the lecture?
According to Gupta & Govindarajan, what is a key challenge in global strategy execution related to balancing autonomy and centralization?
According to Gupta & Govindarajan, what is a key challenge in global strategy execution related to balancing autonomy and centralization?
A company discovers that consumer preferences in a new market are significantly different from its home market. Which lever for adding value would be most relevant to address this situation?
A company discovers that consumer preferences in a new market are significantly different from its home market. Which lever for adding value would be most relevant to address this situation?
According to the article, what is the primary driver of a nation's competitiveness in the global economy?
According to the article, what is the primary driver of a nation's competitiveness in the global economy?
In the context of global competition, what role do domestic rivals, aggressive suppliers, and demanding customers play in shaping a company's competitive advantage?
In the context of global competition, what role do domestic rivals, aggressive suppliers, and demanding customers play in shaping a company's competitive advantage?
The article suggests that in an era of increasing globalization, the importance of nations has:
The article suggests that in an era of increasing globalization, the importance of nations has:
How do national values, culture, economic structures, institutions, and histories contribute to creating and sustaining competitive advantage?
How do national values, culture, economic structures, institutions, and histories contribute to creating and sustaining competitive advantage?
According to the article, why do nations ultimately succeed in particular industries?
According to the article, why do nations ultimately succeed in particular industries?
A country has highly specialized engineering universities and vocational training programs tailored to the automotive industry. According to Porter's Diamond, which attribute is most directly strengthened by this?
A country has highly specialized engineering universities and vocational training programs tailored to the automotive industry. According to Porter's Diamond, which attribute is most directly strengthened by this?
In a nation known for fostering intense competition among domestic companies within the electronics sector, which element of Porter's Diamond is most directly and positively influenced?
In a nation known for fostering intense competition among domestic companies within the electronics sector, which element of Porter's Diamond is most directly and positively influenced?
A country's chemical industry benefits greatly from having strong, world-class transportation and logistics firms within its borders. Which aspect of Porter's Diamond is most exemplified by this?
A country's chemical industry benefits greatly from having strong, world-class transportation and logistics firms within its borders. Which aspect of Porter's Diamond is most exemplified by this?
A nation's population is known for its early adoption of new technologies, which pushes domestic companies to innovate rapidly and iterate on product design. Which element of Porter's Diamond does this scenario best reflect?
A nation's population is known for its early adoption of new technologies, which pushes domestic companies to innovate rapidly and iterate on product design. Which element of Porter's Diamond does this scenario best reflect?
A country legislates strict environmental regulations that force its domestic automobile manufacturers to develop highly fuel-efficient vehicles ahead of their global competitors. Which component of the Diamond of National Advantage is primarily influencing this innovation?
A country legislates strict environmental regulations that force its domestic automobile manufacturers to develop highly fuel-efficient vehicles ahead of their global competitors. Which component of the Diamond of National Advantage is primarily influencing this innovation?
According to the resource-based view (RBV), which of the following conditions is MOST likely to lead to sustained competitive advantage for a company operating internationally?
According to the resource-based view (RBV), which of the following conditions is MOST likely to lead to sustained competitive advantage for a company operating internationally?
What is the MOST likely outcome when a company's international strategy focuses solely on cost reduction without considering local market needs and preferences?
What is the MOST likely outcome when a company's international strategy focuses solely on cost reduction without considering local market needs and preferences?
An international firm is deciding between standardizing its product globally versus adapting it to local market needs. What critical factor should drive this decision?
An international firm is deciding between standardizing its product globally versus adapting it to local market needs. What critical factor should drive this decision?
A company is considering entering a new international market. Which of the following actions would BEST demonstrate proactive mitigation of the 'liability of foreignness'?
A company is considering entering a new international market. Which of the following actions would BEST demonstrate proactive mitigation of the 'liability of foreignness'?
According to Porter's Diamond, what is the role of 'related and supporting industries' in fostering a nation's competitive advantage?
According to Porter's Diamond, what is the role of 'related and supporting industries' in fostering a nation's competitive advantage?
What is the MOST significant risk associated with using a purely functional organizational structure in a large multinational corporation?
What is the MOST significant risk associated with using a purely functional organizational structure in a large multinational corporation?
A company with a global matrix structure faces a situation where a local subsidiary manager receives conflicting directives from both the regional head and the product division head. What is the MOST likely negative consequence of this situation?
A company with a global matrix structure faces a situation where a local subsidiary manager receives conflicting directives from both the regional head and the product division head. What is the MOST likely negative consequence of this situation?
A multinational corporation is deciding whether to centralize R&D activities in its home country or decentralize them across various international subsidiaries. Which factor would MOST strongly favor decentralization?
A multinational corporation is deciding whether to centralize R&D activities in its home country or decentralize them across various international subsidiaries. Which factor would MOST strongly favor decentralization?
According to the content, what is the key difference between basic factors of production and those that contribute to competitive advantage in knowledge-intensive industries?
According to the content, what is the key difference between basic factors of production and those that contribute to competitive advantage in knowledge-intensive industries?
Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a nation creating, upgrading, and deploying factors of production to gain a competitive advantage?
Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a nation creating, upgrading, and deploying factors of production to gain a competitive advantage?
How does the content challenge traditional economic theory regarding factors of production and international trade?
How does the content challenge traditional economic theory regarding factors of production and international trade?
A country with a generally well-educated workforce seeks to develop a competitive advantage in the biotechnology industry. Which strategy would be MOST aligned with the principles described in the content?
A country with a generally well-educated workforce seeks to develop a competitive advantage in the biotechnology industry. Which strategy would be MOST aligned with the principles described in the content?
Conventional wisdom suggests that a large pool of inexpensive labor gives a nation a competitive advantage. According to the reading, why might this NOT be true?
Conventional wisdom suggests that a large pool of inexpensive labor gives a nation a competitive advantage. According to the reading, why might this NOT be true?
A nation has a significant deposit of a rare earth mineral. According to the content, under what circumstances would this NOT automatically translate into a competitive advantage in industries that use the mineral?
A nation has a significant deposit of a rare earth mineral. According to the content, under what circumstances would this NOT automatically translate into a competitive advantage in industries that use the mineral?
A small country wants to compete in the global software market. What approach would best align with the ideas presented in the content?
A small country wants to compete in the global software market. What approach would best align with the ideas presented in the content?
Flashcards
Liability of foreignness
Liability of foreignness
Additional costs and challenges firms face when operating in a foreign market, compared to domestic firms.
Paradox of fit
Paradox of fit
Challenges when a firm's strong fit in one market becomes a disadvantage in new foreign markets.
Location Advantages
Location Advantages
Unique aspects of a country's economy, politics, or culture that benefit firms operating within it.
Location-Bound Firm-Specific Advantages
Location-Bound Firm-Specific Advantages
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Non-Location-Bound Firm-Specific Advantages
Non-Location-Bound Firm-Specific Advantages
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ADDING Value (International Expansion)
ADDING Value (International Expansion)
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CAGE Distance Framework
CAGE Distance Framework
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Global Deployment
Global Deployment
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Global Development
Global Development
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Global Deepening
Global Deepening
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Standardization vs. Local Responsiveness
Standardization vs. Local Responsiveness
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Key Cost Globalization Drivers
Key Cost Globalization Drivers
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Key Government Globalization Drivers
Key Government Globalization Drivers
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Key Market Globalization Drivers
Key Market Globalization Drivers
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Key Competitive Globalization Drivers
Key Competitive Globalization Drivers
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Market Entry
Market Entry
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Product Specialization
Product Specialization
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Value Chain Disaggregation
Value Chain Disaggregation
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Value Chain Reengineering
Value Chain Reengineering
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Creation of New Markets
Creation of New Markets
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International Division Structure
International Division Structure
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Global Matrix Structure
Global Matrix Structure
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National Competitiveness
National Competitiveness
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Sources of Competitive Advantage
Sources of Competitive Advantage
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Knowledge-Based Competition
Knowledge-Based Competition
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National Differences
National Differences
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Home Environment
Home Environment
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Factor Conditions
Factor Conditions
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Demand Conditions
Demand Conditions
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Related & Supporting Industries
Related & Supporting Industries
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Firm Strategy, Structure, & Rivalry
Firm Strategy, Structure, & Rivalry
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Diamond of National Advantage
Diamond of National Advantage
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Factors of Production
Factors of Production
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Comparative Advantage (Traditional)
Comparative Advantage (Traditional)
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Created Factors of Production
Created Factors of Production
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Factor Creation Rate
Factor Creation Rate
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Specialized Factors
Specialized Factors
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Basic Factors
Basic Factors
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Industry-Specific Factors
Industry-Specific Factors
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National Environment
National Environment
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Advantage by Skill Accumulation
Advantage by Skill Accumulation
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Advantage by Information
Advantage by Information
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Advantage by Innovation
Advantage by Innovation
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Italian Ceramic Tile Industry (1987)
Italian Ceramic Tile Industry (1987)
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Sassuolo, Italy
Sassuolo, Italy
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Emilia-Romagna
Emilia-Romagna
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Diamond Framework
Diamond Framework
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Study Notes
CAGE Framework Revisions
- The CAGE analysis framework was updated to reflect "Emerging markets Look before you leap" by Tarun Khanna and Krishna Palepu
- These markets are not uniform as well as defined by the voids
Key Actions on the Three Questions of Strategy
- Before diving into emerging markets dedicate time to introspection and assessment
- What is the core business model?
- Create or take advantage of new business relations based on common ground.
- Does this market/model depend on institutions at home?
- Which areas are transferable/valuable?
Four Areas of Emerging Market Success
- Assess market
- Assess labor
- Assess capital
- Micro analysis
Institutional Voids and their significance
- Institutional voids that are often present are: lack of market data, untrusted experts, broken distribution networks, high corruption, too few capital-market options, and/or weak contract enforcement
- The macro framework requires for successful strategy execution: government, society, press
NMS
- A useful process for integrating non-market factors into strategy is (IA) Framework which is a framework based on issues, actors, interests, arenas, information and assets.
Characteristics of the nonmarket strategy
- It has clear issues, you can identify the most important actors as well
- The power base can clearly identified
- The structure is based on the power base
Steps to success:
- Identify key social/political issues that affect business
- Identify the stakeholders involved
- Understand what each actor wants
Additional notes
- What was deemed great about (3) M. Porter may not work well, what we can do is make certain that strategies account for differences and what nonmarket is?
- For each of M Porters components the value created by the elements/resources above
- The actions should be clear and relevant
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