Winter 2024 Test# 2 Review - Multiple Choice and True/False Questions

Drug Use, Misuse, Abuse, and Addiction

• Different types of addictions exist
• Signs of addiction include:
  • Physical dependence
  • Psychological dependence
  • Tolerance
  • Withdrawal
• Individual response to drugs depends on:
  • Set (user's mindset and expectations)
  • Setting (environment and social context)
  • Route of administration (how the drug is taken)
• Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are available without a prescription
• Sedatives, stimulants, psychoactive, amphetamines, and reversal drugs are types of drugs

Students and Alcohol

• Heavy Episodic Drinking (HED) is a pattern of excessive drinking
• HED guidelines for men and women are:
  • Men: 5 or more drinks in 2 hours
  • Women: 4 or more drinks in 2 hours
• Standard drinking guidelines for men and women are:
  • Men: 2 drinks per day
  • Women: 1 drink per day
• Problems associated with alcohol drinking include:
  • Health risks
  • Social problems
  • Financial problems
• Production of alcohol involves fermentation
• Main ingredient in alcohol is ethanol
• Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is a measure of alcohol in the blood
• Factors affecting BAC include:
  • Body size and composition
  • Food consumption
  • Physical activity
  • Medications
• Women, pregnancy, and alcohol:
  • Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a risk
  • BAC is higher in women due to body size and composition

Smoking and Tobacco

• Tobacco and nicotine have physiological effects
• Smoking is a learned behavior that often starts at a young age
• Women and smoking:
  • Higher risk of health problems
  • Smoking during pregnancy increases risk of health problems
• Smokeless tobacco and environmental tobacco smoke are risks
• Breaking nicotine addiction has benefits, including improved health and reduced risk of disease

Caffeine and Addiction

• Caffeine is a stimulant that can be addictive
• Caffeine addiction can lead to negative health effects

Staying Safe

• Personal safety and health are linked
• Age-related hazards can affect personal safety
• Temperature changes can account for unintentional injuries
• Motivation for hate crimes and personal injuries can include:
  • Bias
  • Discrimination
• Sexual abuse and rape are risks to personal safety

Healthy Aging

• Aging affects the health care system
• Different definitions of aging include:
  • Biological
  • Psychological
  • Social
• Age-related memory changes occur
• Age-related changes affect the skeleton and muscular system
• Age-related changes affect male and female hormones
• Death and dying:
  • Kubler-Ross stages of adjustment
  • Advance directives
  • Wills and medical assistance in dying

Healthy Environment

• Climate change is a major environmental concern
• Greenhouse gases, including CO2, contribute to climate change
• Enhanced greenhouse effect is a result of human activity
• Environmental agents can trigger changes to DNA
• Indoor and outdoor pollutants are health hazards
• Water pollution is a risk to health
• Hormone disruptors affect male and female hormones

Spirit of Health and Wellness

• Different types of religions, including:
  • Christianity
  • Hinduism
  • Judaism
  • Buddhism
  • Islam
  • Sikhism
  • Jainism
• Indigenous Spirituality:
  • Concepts of the Sacred Tree
  • Concepts of wellness