Lecture 20 – Protein structure – Secondary and tertiary structure
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Questions and Answers

What is the first level of protein structure?

  • Secondary structure
  • Tertiary structure
  • Primary structure (correct)
  • Quaternary structure

    • Which experimental method is most commonly used for protein structure determination?

  • NMR spectroscopy
  • Electron microscopy
  • X-ray crystallography (correct)
  • Mass spectrometry

    • What type of protein is primarily water-soluble and globular in shape?

  • Fibrous proteins
  • Membrane proteins
  • Globular proteins (correct)
  • Structural proteins

    • What stabilizes the secondary structure of proteins?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid is known for being found in the cis configuration in proteins?

    <p>Proline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an alpha-helix, hydrogen bonds form between which atoms?

    <p>C=O of one residue to NH of another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic shape of an alpha-helix?

    <p>Coiled spiral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical arrangement of beta-strands in a beta-sheet?

    <p>Parallel or anti-parallel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of turn allows the chain to sharply reverse direction in proteins?

    <p>Reverse turn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily holds the tertiary structure of a protein together?

    <p>Noncovalent interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following interactions is considered a strong covalent bond in proteins?

    <p>Disulphide bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are motifs in protein structure?

    <p>Combinations of secondary structure elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many residues typically make up a reverse turn?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of hydrophobic interactions in protein folding?

    <p>They cause hydrophobic molecules to clump together and exclude water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of fibrous proteins?

    <p>They provide structural support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a fibrous protein?

    <p>Collagen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do alpha-helices interact with DNA?

    <p>They fit in the major groove.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of protein structure can include multiple polypeptide chains?

    <p>Quaternary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a domain in protein structure?

    <p>A compact region that folds independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bonds are specifically involved in stabilizing the tertiary structure of proteins?

    <p>Various noncovalent bonds including hydrogen bonds, salt bridges, and hydrophobic interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which interaction is primarily responsible for the tight packing of side chains in proteins?

    <p>Van der Waals forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of turns and loops in protein structure?

    <p>To allow the protein to reverse direction and interact with other molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of secondary structure is characterized by fully extended chains?

    <p>Beta-strand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a combination of secondary structure elements that form a recognizable shape?

    <p>Motif</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is primarily responsible for the interaction between opposite charges in proteins?

    <p>Salt bridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which configuration is more stable for proline in protein structure?

    <p>Cis configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of hydrogen bonding in the secondary structure of proteins?

    <p>It maintains the conformation of the backbone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of membrane proteins?

    <p>They interact with the hydrophobic part of membranes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of loops in protein structure?

    <p>To provide flexibility and facilitate interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about tertiary structure?

    <p>It encompasses the overall 3D shape of a protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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