Questions and Answers
Who is the author's name?
Claude Steele
Why did Brent Staples whistle Beatles' tunes and Antonio Vivaldi's Four Seasons?
To keep white people from thinking that he was a criminal.
Why were President Lawrence Summers's remarks about women controversial?
He stated that genetic differences influenced performance in high-level math classes.
Describe the golf experiment involving black and white students.
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What does 'chilly climate' refer to in relation to women in college-level math classes?
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How can the media contribute to 'psychic damage'?
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How did the author recreate the Jane Elliott experiment?
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Define 'identity contingencies'.
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What is the concept of minimal group effects?
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What does overefforting imply?
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What stereotype threat did Ted McDougal experience?
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What did the Capilano Bridge experiment reveal?
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What are contingency cues?
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Who is Amin Maalouf?
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Who is Anatole Broyard?
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Study Notes
Author Background
- Author Claude Steele is a social psychologist known for researching race, stereotypes, and their effects on behavior and success.
Book Title Significance
- The title refers to Brent Staples, an African-American graduate student, who whistled to counteract racial stereotypes while walking through affluent neighborhoods.
Controversial Remarks
- Harvard's President Lawrence Summers controversially suggested that genetic differences might affect women's performance in high-level math.
Golf Experiment Insights
- White students informed that a golf task measured natural ability performed worse than those without this cue.
- Black students, told the task measured "sports strategic intelligence," also performed worse, highlighting the impact of stereotype threat.
Chilly Climate Concept
- Women reported a "chilly climate" in advanced math classes which contributed to their underperformance, in contrast to experiences in English classes with less stigma.
Impact of Media on Psychic Damage
- Negative media portrayals reinforce harmful stereotypes, which can overshadow positive aspects of a group's identity.
Jane Elliott Experiment Recreation
- An experiment with strong male and female math students showcased that under threat of stereotype confirmation, women underperformed compared to men.
Key Terms Defined
- Identity Contingencies: Challenges faced due to one's social identity.
- Minimal Group Effects: Favoring one's group at the expense of others, leading to discrimination for self-esteem purposes.
- Overefforting: The belief that individuals must be exceptionally good to be seen as equal, leading to inefficient cognitive resource use.
- Lingering Effects: Strong emotions are more readily identifiable compared to moderate emotions.
- Critical Mass: The number of minority group members required for them to feel comfortable, though it does not solve underlying issues.
Ted McDougal's Experience
- Stereotype threat impacted Ted McDougal, a white student in an African-American politics class, causing anxiety about being perceived as racially insensitive rather than unintelligent.
Capilano Bridge Experiment
- More men who crossed the scary Capilano Bridge reached out to an attractive female for information, suggesting heightened emotion influences behavior.
Contingency Cues Explained
- Marginality: Presence of similar identities in a setting.
- Power: Authority positions held by individuals with similar identities.
- Prejudice: Use of insensitive symbols.
- Inclusiveness: Lack of representation for one's group in media and activities.
Amin Maalouf's Contribution
- Author of In the Name of Identity: Violence and the Need to Belong, examining terrorism related to social identity.
Anatole Broyard's Identity Impact
- A New York Times book reviewer who passed as white during a time of overt racial discrimination, exploring the complexities of racial identity.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the first eight chapters of 'Whistling Vivaldi' by Claude Steele. This quiz focuses on key concepts such as the author's background and the significance of the book's title. Perfect for those studying social psychology and racial dynamics in society.
