Westley and Maclean Communication Model Quiz & Flashcards

Study Notes

Communication process begins with environmental factors that stimulate message creation.
Consists of nine elements: environment, sensory experiences, source/sender, object of orientation of the source, receiver, orientation of the receiver, feedback, gatekeepers, and opinion leaders.
Subjective beliefs and experiences of the source shape the message.
The receiver decodes the message through personal perspectives, influenced by their beliefs and experiences.
Feedback loops are crucial for influencing how messages are sent and interpreted.
Gatekeepers, often seen in mass communication, are responsible for editing messages before reaching the receiver.
Opinion leaders, such as social media influencers or celebrities, play a significant role in shaping public opinion.

Represents two-way conversations where message complexity increases as discussions progress.
Communication is dynamic, moving beyond mere information sharing to forming relationships and unlocking value.
Emphasizes cooperation, with both sender and receiver influencing the outcome of the conversation.
Incorporates the concept of noise that can distort perceptions.

Explores real-time communication and emphasizes immediate feedback between participants.
Both parties share responsibility for leading the conversation toward desired outcomes.
Accounts for noise, which can affect message interpretation and perceived meaning.

Developed by Frank Dance in 1967, likens communication to a helix, indicating a continuous and evolving process.
Highlights the role of time in communication, demonstrating its dynamic nature as individuals gain experience and vocabulary.
Ongoing clarification and active listening are vital for productive dialogues.

Describes communication as an interactive exchange, exemplified by sharing updates and plans between friends.
Emphasizes turn-taking and reciprocal sharing of information, enhancing the connection between communicators.

Communication is deeply influenced by personal backgrounds, perspectives, and environmental context.
Feedback, sensory experiences, and gatekeeping are pivotal elements that shape the communication process.
Different models provide unique insights into the complexities of human interaction and the factors that facilitate or obstruct effective communication.