Questions and Answers
What is the starting point of the Westley and Maclean model of communication?
The Osgood-Schramm model emphasizes the importance of active listening.
True
List one factor that influences how we communicate according to the Westley and Maclean model.
Perspective or background
The communication process begins with __________ factors in the Westley and Maclean model.
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Match the elements of the Westley and Maclean model with their descriptions:
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Which of the following is NOT one of the nine elements in the Westley and Maclean model?
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Sensory experiences are irrelevant to the communication process according to the Westley and Maclean model.
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What does the speaker do after updating each other in a conversation based on the Osgood-Schramm model?
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The orientation of the __________ is an important concept in the Westley and Maclean model.
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Which model suggests that communication is influenced by environmental factors?
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Study Notes
Westley and Maclean Model of Communication
- Communication process begins with environmental factors that stimulate message creation.
- Consists of nine elements: environment, sensory experiences, source/sender, object of orientation of the source, receiver, orientation of the receiver, feedback, gatekeepers, and opinion leaders.
- Subjective beliefs and experiences of the source shape the message.
- The receiver decodes the message through personal perspectives, influenced by their beliefs and experiences.
- Feedback loops are crucial for influencing how messages are sent and interpreted.
- Gatekeepers, often seen in mass communication, are responsible for editing messages before reaching the receiver.
- Opinion leaders, such as social media influencers or celebrities, play a significant role in shaping public opinion.
Transactional Model of Communication
- Represents two-way conversations where message complexity increases as discussions progress.
- Communication is dynamic, moving beyond mere information sharing to forming relationships and unlocking value.
- Emphasizes cooperation, with both sender and receiver influencing the outcome of the conversation.
- Incorporates the concept of noise that can distort perceptions.
Barnlund’s Transactional Model
- Explores real-time communication and emphasizes immediate feedback between participants.
- Both parties share responsibility for leading the conversation toward desired outcomes.
- Accounts for noise, which can affect message interpretation and perceived meaning.
Helical Model of Communication
- Developed by Frank Dance in 1967, likens communication to a helix, indicating a continuous and evolving process.
- Highlights the role of time in communication, demonstrating its dynamic nature as individuals gain experience and vocabulary.
- Ongoing clarification and active listening are vital for productive dialogues.
Osgood-Schramm Model of Communication
- Describes communication as an interactive exchange, exemplified by sharing updates and plans between friends.
- Emphasizes turn-taking and reciprocal sharing of information, enhancing the connection between communicators.
Key Concepts
- Communication is deeply influenced by personal backgrounds, perspectives, and environmental context.
- Feedback, sensory experiences, and gatekeeping are pivotal elements that shape the communication process.
- Different models provide unique insights into the complexities of human interaction and the factors that facilitate or obstruct effective communication.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the Westley and Maclean Model of Communication with this quiz. Explore the roles of the source and receiver in communication, as well as subjective beliefs and experiences that shape the message. Perfect for students and enthusiasts of communication theories.
