Well Log Quality Check for Seismic Inversion

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of building a low frequency model in seismic inversion?

  • To recover absolute acoustic impedance (correct)
  • To identify the frequency spectrum of seismic data
  • To improve the resolution of seismic images
  • To determine relative impedances between layers

Why are low frequencies important in seismic inversion?

  • They allow for the calculation of relative impedances
  • They help determine the frequency spectrum of seismic data
  • They improve the interpretation of seismic horizons
  • They enable the recovery of absolute acoustic impedance (correct)

What do acoustic impedance logs contain that seismic data lacks?

  • Stratigraphic framework
  • Full frequency spectrum (correct)
  • Relative impedances
  • Low-frequency trends

Which step is NOT involved in creating a Low Frequency Model?

<p>Identifying the high-frequency components in seismic data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can only relative impedances be determined without low frequencies in seismic data?

<p>As a result of band-limitation in seismic data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a low-frequency model serve as in the Model Based inversion process?

<p>Providing a starting point for inversion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for only relative impedances being determined without a low-frequency model?

<p>Band-limited nature of seismic data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the issue of spurious or non-calibrated data be addressed?

<p>Reviewing the petrophysical editing and calibration of the relevant well (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be consistent with the geological context?

<p>Spatial variation of elastic properties (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is seismic interval velocity included in the Low Frequency Model?

<p>As secondary data to guide interpolation away from wells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does including a low-frequency model allow in terms of acoustic impedance recovery?

<p>Recovery of absolute acoustic impedance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are seismic velocities integrated in the creation of a Low Frequency Model?

<p>As a primary component when well logs are unavailable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration when building a good low frequency model?

<p>Editing and correlating selected wells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Low Frequency Model creation, what is the purpose of determining the structural or stratigraphic grid framework?

<p>To define an area representative grid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When interpolating low-frequency well data between consecutive horizons, what should be considered if the seismic events are parallel to the base horizon?

<p>Thickness following base horizon with constant thickness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can we estimate the low frequency needed in the Low Frequency Model?

<p>Filtering logs to retain information not captured by seismic data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of applying a low pass filter to seismic sections?

<p>To check for consistent amplitudes in seismic data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to establish a well-defined structural grid in Low Frequency Model building?

<p>To ensure geological contrasts align with seismic reflectors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step is NOT involved in creating a Low Frequency Model?

<p>Velocity analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are decisions needed regarding extrapolation above the shallowest log point and below the deepest log point when building a Low Frequency Model?

<p>Because well logs rarely extend to the surface or penetrate to depth. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration when using seismic velocities as an external drift?

<p>Ensuring coherence with well velocities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of interpolation methods, what does Kriging rely on to control spatial correlation?

<p>Variograms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a variogram used for in geostatistics?

<p>Analyzing spatial variability and correlation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do isotropic variograms have in common?

<p>Equal ranges in all directions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to choose variogram parameters based on geology and structures?

<p>To account for fault directions and sizes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked before inversion to ensure the final result depends greatly on the initial model?

<p>Vertical variation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Low Frequency Model interpolation?

<p>To interpolate filtered well logs within a grid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences the choice between isotropic and anisotropic variograms?

<p>Fault direction and block size (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Collocated co-kriging' uses which type of variable as a trend in interpolation?

<p>'Seismic velocity' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Inverse distance interpolation' and 'Kriging' are common techniques for what process?

<p>'Interpolating filtered well logs' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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