Deterministic Simultaneous Inversion Module Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the main advantage of utilizing shear wave information in acoustic inversion?

  • Higher computational efficiency
  • Better separation of lithologies (correct)
  • Increased seismic velocity
  • Improved depth resolution

Which attribute alone may not be sufficient to discriminate certain lithologies or fluid content?

  • P-Impedance (correct)
  • Poisson's ratio
  • Shear wave velocity
  • Vp/Vs ratio

What role do the Vp/Vs ratio and Poisson's ratio play in lithology/fluid classifications?

  • They are used in a minority of cases
  • They only apply to gas sands
  • They are critical indicators (correct)
  • They are irrelevant in classification

Why are the Vp/Vs ratio and Poisson's ratio highly sensitive to the quality of the AVA response?

<p>Given their dependence on the AVA response (A)</p>
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Why is the stability of the Vp/Vs ratio after elastic inversion considered the ultimate way to quality control pre-stack amplitudes?

<p>It ensures accurate seismic amplitudes (A)</p>
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What does Simultaneous Inversion allow us to invert for, in addition to P-Impedance?

<p>Vp/Vs ratio or Poisson's ratio (D)</p>
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What is one of the benefits of simultaneous inversion mentioned in the text?

<p>Improving the resolution of P-impedance results (D)</p>
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Why is simultaneous inversion considered necessary for characterizing reservoirs properly?

<p>To distinguish between gas sands and shales based on P-impedance values (A)</p>
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In the context of simultaneous inversion, what do the inverted elastic parameter volumes include?

<p>P-impedance, S-impedance, and Vp/Vs ratio (B)</p>
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What differentiates simultaneous inversion from acoustic inversion?

<p>The objective functions used (B)</p>
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Why is it mentioned that simultaneous inversion makes P-impedance results more robust?

<p>By considering AVO effects and noise properly (A)</p>
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How does combining both inverted attributes (Ip and Vp/Vs) aid in reservoir characterization?

<p>By enabling discrimination of gas sand reservoirs (B)</p>
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What is one way to reduce the non-uniqueness in pre-stack inversion?

<p>Assuming a linear fit for the background trend relating P Impedance, S Impedance, and density (C)</p>
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What does the simultaneous inversion process solve for when using linear trends for basic variables?

<p>Deviations from the linear trends (C)</p>
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What is one key requirement that the final simultaneous inversion model must comply with?

<p>Minimize seismic-synthetic misfit and capture contrasts (B)</p>
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What concept lies behind most inversion algorithms?

<p>Objective function (A)</p>
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Which term in the objective function controls the sparsity of the solution in simultaneous inversion?

<p>Contrast term (B)</p>
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In simultaneous inversion, which term constrains the relationship between density and Vp (velocity of compressional waves)?

<p>Fgardner (B)</p>
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What property does 'Fmudrock' term constrain in simultaneous inversion?

<p>Relationship between Is (Vs/Vp) and Vp (velocity of compressional waves) (B)</p>
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What additional insights can be gained through simultaneous inversion?

<p>Better resolution of reservoir properties (C)</p>
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What does simultaneous inversion aim to minimize?

<p>Difference between real seismic and modeled seismic (C)</p>
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What concept is introduced to describe the variation of seismic amplitude with the offset or angle?

<p>AVA/AVO (B)</p>
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What do the Zoeppritz equations describe?

<p>Wave reflection and transmission (B)</p>
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Which property can affect rock properties, leading to changes in P&S velocities and subsequently affecting transmission and reflection coefficients?

<p>Porosity and fluid content (D)</p>
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What does Fatti et al.'s approximation simplify?

<p>Zoeppritz equations (C)</p>
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What is key to ensuring a robust simultaneous inversion process?

<p>Impedance and density values adjustment (B)</p>
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What is the purpose of generating synthetic seismic traces in model-based simultaneous inversion?

<p>To define reflectivity for incident angles (C)</p>
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What do the Fatti approximation's three terms represent in the simplified linear equation?

<p>Density contrasts (C)</p>
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What is the main requirement for a model-based simultaneous inversion process?

<p>'Model based' iterative approach (D)</p>
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What does the simultaneous inversion process aim to convert seismic data into?

<p>'Model based' elastic layer properties (B)</p>
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What is the term used to describe the variation of seismic amplitude with offset or angle?

<p>AVA/AVO effect (D)</p>
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