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Questions and Answers
What should always be requested for ordered material to ensure proper type and grade are received?
What is overlap in welding and what can it cause?
What can mask incomplete fusion in fillet welds?
What is a potential cause of overlap in welding?
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How is overlap corrected in welding?
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What can be a potential cause of excessive concavity in fillet welds?
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How can excessively concave fillet welds be corrected?
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What can cause incomplete fusion in welding?
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What can be used to measure the leg size of concave fillet welds?
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What can result in incomplete joint penetration when complete joint penetration is required?
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What is the primary cause of solidification cracking in welds?
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In which type of welds does the risk of solidification cracking increase when the depth of the weld deposit is greater than the width?
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What factors contribute to the development of hot cracks in welds?
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When does hydrogen-induced cold cracking typically occur?
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What is the most economical method of preventing hydrogen-induced cold cracking in welds?
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What type of discontinuity is considered design-related when it arises from problems within the design of the structural details or in choosing the wrong type of weld joint for a given application?
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What should be done to ensure that a crack is completely removed after excavation of the weld or base metal?
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When should nondestructive examination be carried out after the completion of welds?
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What may result in a lack of corrosion resistance in welds?
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What should an inspector ensure to determine the actual properties of weldments when using specially prepared test plates?
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Study Notes
Weld Defects and Corrections in Welding
- Large diameter pipe can be repaired using the same method for external undercut, while small diameter pipe with undercut defects would require cutting out the section and preparing a new joint.
- Acceptable and unacceptable groove weld profiles are shown in Figure 19, with specific criteria for reinforcement, underfill, excessive weld reinforcement, undercut, and overlap.
- Concavity in fillet welds and groove welds is defined, with excessive concavity being a potential weld defect, and its causes include operator technique, welding parameters, and welding position.
- Excessively concave fillet welds can be corrected by adding more weld passes, and desirable, acceptable, and unacceptable fillet weld profiles are illustrated in Figure 23.
- Weld deficiencies due to insufficient or excessive size and poor profile can be detected visually or using suitable gauges as shown in Figure 25.
- The leg and throat size of concave fillet welds can be measured with fillet weld gauges, while only the leg size of convex fillet welds can be measured with fillet weld gauges.
- Out-of-line weld beads can result in incomplete joint penetration when complete joint penetration is required and may be caused by factors such as incorrect bead placement, edge preparation, and backgouging.
- Incomplete fusion may occur at any point in the welding groove or fillet weld and can be caused by factors such as improper electrode selection, welding parameters, electrode manipulation, cleaning of material, joint design, and poor joint preparation and fit-up.
- Incomplete fusion can be illustrated by Figures 29 and 30, with examples of improper electrode selection and poor joint preparation leading to incomplete fusion.
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Description
Test your knowledge of welding discontinuities with this quiz covering terms and definitions specific to intermediate weld discontinuities. Learn about slag, slag inclusions, specifications, and more.
