Welding Defects Quiz(CWB-Hard Level)

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the removal of weld metal and base metal from the weld root side of a welded joint to facilitate complete fusion and complete joint penetration upon subsequent welding from that side?

Backgouging

Which discontinuity results from an arc, consisting of any localized remelted metal, heat-affected metal, or change in the surface profile of any metal object?

Arc strike

What is the term for a weld discontinuity characterized by an excessive weld reinforcement?

Convexity

Which discontinuity refers to a localized cavity or tunnel type discontinuity?

Undercut Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the discontinuity resulting from entrapped gas in the weld metal or between the weld and base metal?

Porosity Signup and view all the answers

Which discontinuity is characterized by a break in the solid metal caused by stress exceeding the metal's ultimate strength?

Cracking Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'depth of fusion' in welding?

The distance a weld fusion extends into the base metal during welding Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of 'backing' in welding?

To provide support behind the joint Signup and view all the answers

What does 'nondestructive testing (NDT)' refer to in welding?

Examination methods that evaluate components without damaging their intended service life Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a 'crack' in welding?

Fracture-type discontinuity with a sharp tip and a high ratio of length and width to opening displacement Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'ductility' in welding?

The property of a material to sustain large permanent changes in shape without breaking Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'complete joint penetration (CJP)' in welding?

A groove weld condition where the weld metal extends through the joint thickness Signup and view all the answers

What can excessive root opening cause in welding?

Melt-through, porosity, slag entrapment, and additional distortion Signup and view all the answers

What can misalignment of parts cause in welding?

Insufficient effective throat and stress concentration at the weld root Signup and view all the answers

What does water jet cutting not produce, making it suitable for welding?

Thermal changes or oxide formation Signup and view all the answers

What should be consulted before cutting and material preparation begins in welding?

Codes, standards, and company welding procedures Signup and view all the answers

What can irregularities in the finished surface to be welded lead to?

Various weld discontinuities Signup and view all the answers

What do sheared surfaces in welding may lead to?

Porosity, slag entrapment, and incomplete fusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate tensile strength of a material?

The maximum stress a material can withstand while being stretched before necking Signup and view all the answers

What is the yield strength of a material?

The stress at which a material begins to permanently deform Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a welding procedure?

To provide detailed methods and practices involved in the production of a weldment Signup and view all the answers

What are weld discontinuities divided into?

Process or procedure-related, metallurgical, and design-related Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of slag in welding?

A nonmetallic product resulting from the mutual dissolution of flux and nonmetallic impurities in welding or brazing processes Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of relevant codes and standards in welding?

To determine acceptance criteria for discontinuities Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended inspection method after overlap repair to ensure complete removal and detect hidden overlap?

Magnetic particle testing (MT) Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum distance from the face of a convex fillet weld perpendicular to a line joining the weld toes called?

Convexity Signup and view all the answers

What is the probable cause of excessive weld reinforcement in groove welds?

Surface contaminants Signup and view all the answers

What is overlap in welding?

An excess of weld metal at the toe of a weld Signup and view all the answers

What is the essential purpose of material inspection upon receipt?

To ensure proper type, grade, and acceptable condition Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of excessive convexity in single pass fillet welds?

It adds stress risers Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Welding Defects and Corrective Measures

Prior knowledge of code and procedure requirements is crucial for informed decisions on cutting and preparation methods.
Material inspection upon receipt is essential to ensure proper type, grade, and acceptable condition.
Requesting Mill Certificates for ordered material helps in verifying the type and grade received.
Machinists aware of required tolerances are more likely to adhere to requirements and identify problems early in material preparation.
Overlap is an excess of weld metal at the toe of a weld, causing stress concentration and masking incomplete fusion.
Probable causes of overlap include operator technique, electrode size, welding parameters, and surface contaminants.
Proper welding procedures and techniques should prevent overlap, and if it occurs, grinding and blending can correct it.
Magnetic particle testing (MT) is recommended after overlap repair to ensure complete removal and detect hidden overlap.
Convexity is the maximum distance from the face of a convex fillet weld perpendicular to a line joining the weld toes.
Excessive convexity in single pass fillet welds adds stress risers, while in multipass welds, it may lead to other discontinuities.
Probable causes of convexity are operator technique, electrode size, welding parameters, and surface contaminants.
Excessive weld reinforcement stiffens the section, establishes notches, and increases weight in groove welds. Proper welding procedures and techniques should prevent excessive weld reinforcement.

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