13 Questions
What is the main focus of welding in flat position 1G?
Checking root penetration
Which factor should a welder check in accordance with acceptable standards?
Excessive penetration
What should a welder observe to ensure the weld capping/final pass meets standards?
Undercut
Why is it important for a welder to avoid excessive penetration during welding?
To ensure proper root pass
Which welding parameter should be maintained within allowable tolerances for weld capping/final pass?
Root penetration
What may occur if a welder does not observe welding codes and standards for capping/final pass?
Cracks in the weldment
What should a welder write at the beginning of the activity on a separate sheet of paper?
Name, week number, activity number/code
Which section of the activity focuses on the essentials of welding?
I
Why is it essential to consider the type of metal in the selection of electrode?
To ensure proper penetration
What happens if a welder travels too fast during welding?
Poor penetration and under cut
Which factor plays a significant role in determining the arc length?
Type of metal
In welding, why are angles of the electrode important?
To control heat input
What could be a consequence of using the wrong type of electrode for a particular metal?
Poor penetration
Study Notes
Welding Technique Issues
- Improper welding technique can cause unfilled corners, cut into the joint, or incomplete filling of the groove joint
- Wrong electrode angle can result in uneven weld deposition and overlap
- Incorrect amperage, travel speed, and electrode angle can all contribute to poor weld quality
- Using the wrong electrode for the desired joint penetration can lead to defects
- Dirty or painted base metal, strong winds, and moisture can also affect weld quality
Essential Variables of Welding (SMAW)
- There are five essential variables of welding: Current Setting (C), Length of Arc (L), Angle of Electrode (A), Speed of Travel (S), and Selection of Electrode (S)
- These essentials must be controlled to produce a quality weld
- Remember the five essentials by using the word CLASS (Current, Length, Angle, Speed, and Selection)
Importance of Essential Variables
- If these five essentials are not followed, weld discontinuities or defects will occur, such as porosities, overlap, undercut, incomplete fusion, and cracks
- The length of an arc is determined by the size of the electrode
- A narrow weld bead with pointed ripples can result from too slow travel speed
- Welding with too long an arc gap can result in overlapping
- Undercutting can occur if the current is set too high
Arc Length and Electrode Angle
- The arc length required depends on the size of the electrode used and the welding task
- A shorter arc length is required for small-diameter electrodes
- The work angle of an electrode is not approximately 90°
Test your knowledge on common welding defects such as unfilled corners, overlapped groove joints, incorrect electrode angles, low amperage, fast travel speed, and improper weave techniques.
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