Questions and Answers
Which component is NOT part of SMART goal setting?
Which type of feedback is primarily focused on performance knowledge?
What is one of the main principles of Motivational Interviewing?
Which of the following is an example of a self-reward?
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Which behavior change technique increases awareness of one's behavior?
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What is the purpose of using open-ended questions in MI?
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Which method is NOT typically considered a technique for self-monitoring?
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Which statement best describes perceived behavioral control?
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What characterizes the preparation stage of the Transtheoretical Model?
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Which component of the Health Belief Model refers to the belief about the effectiveness of an action to reduce risk?
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In the Theory of Planned Behavior, what are subjective norms primarily concerned with?
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What aspect of the Health Belief Model is directly linked to an individual's readiness to change due to external influences?
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Which of the following correctly describes the relapse stage in the Transtheoretical Model?
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What does perceived susceptibility reflect in the context of health behavior change?
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Which stage of the Transtheoretical Model involves actively working to prevent relapse after achieving change?
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In the context of attitudes towards behavior, which of the following accurately describes attitude in the Theory of Planned Behavior?
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Study Notes
Conceptual Frameworks for Behaviour Change
Transtheoretical Model
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Stages of Change:
- Precontemplation: No intent to change behavior in the next 6 months.
- Contemplation: Acknowledgment of the problem, planning to act within the next 6 months.
- Preparation: Intents to act soon, possibly starting small changes (within the month).
- Action: Actively modifying behavior to overcome issues.
- Maintenance: Sustaining changes made during the action stage, focusing on preventing relapse.
- Relapse: Returning to previous behaviors, negating new changes.
Health Belief Model
- Perceived Severity: Beliefs regarding the seriousness of a health condition (e.g., untreated hypertension risks).
- Perceived Susceptibility: Beliefs about personal risk for a condition (e.g., family history of diabetes).
- Perceived Benefits: Beliefs about the effectiveness of actions taken to mitigate risks (e.g., exercising reduces heart disease risk).
- Perceived Barriers: Concerns over costs or side effects when considering action (e.g., medication costs).
- Cues to Action: External factors that prompt readiness for change (e.g., advice or health campaigns).
- Self-Efficacy: Confidence in the ability to take action (e.g., following a diet plan).
Theory of Planned Behavior
- Attitude Toward Behavior: Overall evaluation of the behavior (e.g., perceiving exercise as beneficial).
- Subjective Norms: Beliefs about social pressure from important others to engage in the behavior (e.g., family support for quitting smoking).
- Perceived Behavioral Control: Beliefs about the facilitation or difficulty of performing the behavior (e.g., managing time to exercise).
Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs)
Goal Setting
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SMART Goals:
- Specific: Clearly defined objectives (e.g., walking 30 minutes daily).
- Measurable: Criteria for tracking progress (e.g., using a pedometer).
- Achievable: Realistic goals (e.g., starting with 10 minutes of exercise).
- Relevant: Goals that are personally meaningful (e.g., improving health).
- Time-bound: Setting a deadline for achieving the goal (e.g., within 3 months).
Self-Monitoring
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Techniques:
- Keeping a food diary.
- Using apps to track physical activity.
- Monitoring health metrics like blood glucose levels.
- Benefits: Enhances awareness of behaviors, provides progress feedback, identifies patterns and triggers.
Feedback and Rewards
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Types of Feedback:
- Informational Feedback: Data on performance (e.g., daily step counts).
- Motivational Feedback: Encouragement (e.g., praise from coaches).
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Rewards:
- Tangible Rewards: Gifts or certificates.
- Social Rewards: Recognition and praise.
- Self-Rewards: Personal treats or enjoyable activities.
Motivational Interviewing (MI)
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Principles of MI:
- Express Empathy: Understand and relate to clients' feelings (e.g., acknowledging the difficulty of quitting smoking).
- Develop Discrepancy: Contrast current behavior with broader personal goals (e.g., wanting health for family, but smoking impedes this).
- Roll with Resistance: Accept the person's viewpoint without contention (e.g., exploring readiness for change).
- Support Self-Efficacy: Reinforce belief in the capability to change (e.g., highlighting past successes).
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MI Skills:
- Open-ended Questions: Encourage deeper reflection (e.g., discussing thoughts on dietary changes).
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Description
Explore the key concepts from Week 4's lecture on behavior change frameworks. This quiz will test your understanding of the Transtheoretical Model and its stages, including Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, and Action. Prepare to examine how these concepts apply to real-life scenarios and personal development.
