Week 2 Chemical Bonding Terms Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is a polyatomic ion?

An ion formed from a single element
An ion that has more than one atom (correct)
An ion that is electrically neutral
An ion that contains only one atom

What are ternary ionic compounds?

A compound that contains three elements that has at least one metal and one nonmetal.

How do you name ternary ionic compounds?

The cation is named first, followed by the anion.

How do you write ternary ionic compounds?

Write the symbol and charge of the cation followed by the symbol and charge of the anion using the crisscross method. Signup and view all the answers

What is the traditional system of naming ionic compounds?

The cation keeps the same name as the element, and the anion's name is derived from the elemental name by removing the ending and replacing it with 'ide.' Signup and view all the answers

What is the Stock system for naming ionic compounds?

An ionic compound is named first by its cation and then by its anion, using the elemental names modified by 'ide' for the anion. Signup and view all the answers

What are the properties of ionic compounds?

They are structured in crystal lattices, can conduct electricity, and have high melting and boiling points. Signup and view all the answers

What is an ionic crystal?

An orderly pattern in an ionic compound. Signup and view all the answers

What is an ionic lattice?

A pattern of positive and negative ions that repeat in an ionic compound. Signup and view all the answers

What is a crystal lattice?

An arrangement of particles that is three-dimensional. Signup and view all the answers

What is an electrolyte?

An ionic compound that can conduct electricity when in a liquid state. Signup and view all the answers

What does endothermic mean?

Absorbs heat/energy. Signup and view all the answers

What does exothermic mean?

Releases heat/energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is lattice energy?

The energy admitted when one mole of crystalline compounds forms from gaseous ions. Signup and view all the answers

What is metal lattice?

The structure of cations and electrons in an atom that determines the metal's malleability, ductility, and conductivity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the electron sea model?

The structure of a metallic solid where the metals contribute their valence electrons to form a sea-like structure. Signup and view all the answers

What are delocalized electrons?

Electrons in metallic bonding that can move freely from one atom to another. Signup and view all the answers

What is a metallic bond?

A bond formed when positively charged ions are attracted to the electrons surrounding them. Signup and view all the answers

What properties depend on a metallic bond?

The properties depend on the total number of delocalized electrons, the magnitude of positive charge held by the metal cation, and the ionic radius of the cation. Signup and view all the answers

What is an alloy?

A substance that is a mixture of two or more metals. Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Chemical Bonding Terms

Polyatomic Ion: A type of ion consisting of two or more atoms bonded together, acting as a single charged entity.
Ternary Ionic Compounds: Formed from three different elements, including at least one metal and one nonmetal.

Naming Ternary Ionic Compounds

Process of Naming: Similar to binary ionic compounds, the cation is named first followed by the anion.
Traditional Naming System:
- The cation retains its elemental name.
- The anion's name is derived from the elemental name by eliminating the ending and replacing it with "ide."
Stock System Naming:
- Begins with naming the cation followed by the anion.
- Cation maintains its elemental name, while the anion adopts an "ide" ending after removing the original ending.

Writing Ternary Ionic Compounds

Formula Construction:
- Write the cation's symbol and charge, then the anion's symbol and charge.
- Use the crisscross method to balance charges for a neutral compound.

Properties and Structures of Ionic Compounds

Ionic Compound Properties:
- Exhibit crystal lattice structures.
- Conduct electricity in liquid form.
- Have high melting and boiling points.
Ionic Crystal: Defined as a structured arrangement of ions within the compound.
Ionic Lattice: A repeating pattern of positively and negatively charged ions.
Crystal Lattice: A three-dimensional arrangement of particles in a solid state.

Electrolytes and Thermal Properties

Electrolyte: An ionic compound capable of conducting electricity when dissolved in liquid states.
Endothermic Reaction: A process that absorbs heat or energy from its surroundings.
Exothermic Reaction: A process that releases heat or energy.

Lattice Energy and Metal Properties

Lattice Energy: The energy emitted when one mole of a crystalline compound is formed from gaseous ions.
Metal Lattice: A structural arrangement of cations and electrons that determine a metal's malleability, ductility, and conductivity.

Metallic Bonding Concepts

Electron Sea Model: Describes a structure in metallic solids where valence electrons are pooled together, forming a sea of electrons.
Delocalized Electrons: Electrons that can freely move between atoms within metallic bonds.
Metallic Bond: Formed through the attraction of positively charged metal ions to the surrounding electron sea.
Metallic Bond Properties: Dependent on the number of delocalized electrons, the positive charge of the metal cations, and the ionic radius of the cations.
Alloy: A mixture of two or more metals, combining their properties for enhanced performance applications.