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Questions and Answers
What is a chemical bond?
What type of bond involves the transfer of electrons?
What is a cation?
A positively charged ion
What is an anion?
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What is covalent bonding?
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In which type of bonding are the bonding electrons shared equally?
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What is a polar covalent bond?
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What is a molecule?
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What is a molecular compound?
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What does a chemical formula indicate?
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What is an electron dot notation?
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What does a structural formula indicate?
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What defines a single bond?
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What is a double bond?
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What is a triple bond?
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What is resonance in chemical bonding?
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What is an ionic compound?
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What is a formula unit?
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What is a polyatomic ion?
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What is metallic bonding?
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What is the sea of electrons?
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What is malleability?
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What is ductility?
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What is luster?
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What are intermolecular forces?
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What is a dipole?
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What is hydrogen bonding?
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What is a coordinate covalent bond?
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What are Van der Waals forces?
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Study Notes
Chemical Bonding Concepts
- Chemical bond: An attractive force between atoms, essential for the formation of compounds.
- Ionic bond: Involves transfer of electrons from one atom to another, creating charged ions.
- Cation: A positively charged ion formed when an atom loses electrons.
- Anion: A negatively charged ion formed when an atom gains electrons.
Types of Bonding
- Covalent bonding: Involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
- Nonpolar covalent bonding: Electrons are shared equally, resulting in a balanced distribution of charge.
- Polar covalent bond: Electrons are shared unequally, leading to partial charges on the involved atoms.
Molecular Structures
- Molecule: A neutral group of atoms bonded covalently.
- Molecular compound: Composed of molecules as its simplest units, differing from ionic compounds.
- Chemical formula: Represents the ratio of atoms in a compound using chemical symbols and subscripts.
- Molecular formula: Displays the specific types and quantities of atoms in a single molecule.
- Electron dot notation: Depicts valence electrons as dots around an element's symbol.
Structural Representations
- Structural formula: Illustrates atom arrangements and bonds; shared pairs are represented by dashes.
- Single bond: A covalent bond involving a single pair of shared electrons.
- Double bond: Involves two pairs of shared electrons between two atoms.
- Triple bond: Shares three pairs of electrons between atoms.
Advanced Concepts in Bonding
- Resonance: Describes molecules or ions that cannot be represented adequately by a single Lewis structure.
- Ionic compound: Composed of cations and anions in equal numbers to neutralize charge.
- Formula unit: The simplest ratio of ions in an ionic compound established from its formula.
- Polyatomic ion: A charged entity consisting of covalently bonded atoms with an overall charge.
Characteristics of Metallic Bonding
- Metallic bonding: Occurs due to the attraction between metal atoms and their delocalized sea of electrons.
- Sea of electrons: Refers to the mobility of valence electrons in metals, contributing to conductivity.
- Malleability: The capacity of a substance to be shaped into thin sheets.
- Ductility: The ability to be stretched and formed into wires.
Physical Properties of Molecules
- Luster: Reflects the ability of a substance to emit light, contributing to its brilliance.
- Intermolecular forces: Attraction forces existing between molecules that influence physical properties.
- Dipole: Formed by opposing charges separated by a short distance, contributing to molecular polarity.
- Hydrogen bonding: A strong intermolecular attraction occurring between a hydrogen atom and a more electronegative atom.
Miscellaneous Bonding Types
- Coordinate covalent bond: A type of covalent bond where both electrons in the bond originate from the same atom.
- Van der Waals forces: Weak attractions between molecules resulting from temporary dipoles due to unbalanced charges.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge on key terms related to chemical bonding with these flashcards. Learn about different types of bonds, ions, and the nature of electron interactions. Perfect for chemistry students looking to reinforce their understanding of bonding concepts.