Week 1 – Intro to Exercise Physiology

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a health burden of sedentary behavior?

Type 2 diabetes

Cardiovascular diseases

Obesity

Enhanced physical stamina (correct)

What is one likely mechanism by which regular physical activity can improve mental health?

Increased sedentary time

Improvement in social isolation

Reduction in stress levels (correct)

Decreased blood circulation

What factor is commonly identified as a barrier to exercising?

High levels of energy

Abundant free time

Lack of motivation (correct)

Availability of exercise facilities

Which type of exercise is primarily aimed at improving muscle tightness and spasticity?

Soft tissue extensibility Signup and view all the answers

Which health condition can be reduced by engaging in regular physical activity?

Osteoporosis Signup and view all the answers

What is a common recommendation for overcoming the fear of heart attacks while exercising?

Maintaining conversation during exercise Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of rehabilitation through physical activity?

To improve functional capacity for daily activities Signup and view all the answers

Which exercise type is often prescribed for recovery from injury and post-surgery muscle activation?

Isometric exercise Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of exercise physiology in physiotherapy practice?

Assessing patients' fitness and physiological responses to physical activity. Signup and view all the answers

Which variable is typically least affected by resistance training when compared to aerobic training?

Respiratory Rate (RR) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes sedentary behavior?

Waking behavior with energy expenditure of 1.5 METS or lower. Signup and view all the answers

How does heart rate react during high-intensity resistance training?

It shows rapid fluctuations with increases at high intervals. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes exercise prescription in physiotherapy?

It personalizes exercise programs based on patient response and goals. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to blood pressure during aerobic training?

Only systolic blood pressure rises significantly while diastolic remains stable. Signup and view all the answers

What defines physical activity?

Any bodily movement that results in energy expenditure above resting levels. Signup and view all the answers

Which physiological variable experiences the greatest increase during resistance training?

Blood Pressure (BP) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Role of Exercise Physiology and Prescription in Physiotherapy

Exercise Physiology: Focuses on the body's responses to physical activity, including respiratory and cardiovascular systems to aid rehabilitation, assess fitness levels, and manage chronic diseases.
Exercise Prescription: Involves creating personalized exercise programs for rehabilitation, sports, and chronic disease management, emphasizing progressive overload and functional improvement. Adjustments are based on patient responses to enhance quality of life.

Acute Effects of Exercise Modalities

Aerobic Training:
- Heart Rate (HR) increases proportionally with intensity and plateaus during steady-state.
- Blood Pressure (BP) rises due to increased cardiac output; systolic BP (SBP) increases more so than diastolic.
- Respiratory Rate (RR) elevates to meet oxygen demands.
Resistance Training:
- HR increases but remains lower than during aerobic activities.
- BP significantly increases for both SBP and diastolic BP (DBP), due to muscle contractions and peripheral resistance.
- RR increases less than during aerobic but rises with higher intensity efforts.
High-Intensity Resistance Training:
- HR shows rapid fluctuations with increases during high-intensity intervals and decreases during rest.
- BP elevations include both SBP and DBP.
- RR fluctuations occur, reflecting changes in exercise intensity.

Definitions

Physical Activity: Any skeletal muscle movement resulting in energy expenditure above resting levels, encompassing exercise, sports, and everyday activity.
Sedentary Behavior: Any waking behavior involving energy expenditure of 1.5 METs or lower, such as sitting or reclined activities.
Exercise: Planned and structured physical activity aimed at improving or maintaining physical fitness.
Physical Fitness: Capacity to perform daily tasks with vigor, without fatigue, and with energy for leisure activities.

Health Burdens of Sedentary Behavior and Inactivity

Increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obesity, depression and anxiety, musculoskeletal problems, and osteoporosis.

Mechanisms Underpinning Health Benefits of Physical Activity

Enhances physical and mental health and overall quality of life.
Reduces the risk of various health conditions and aids in managing weight.
Helps maintain and improve blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and blood glucose levels.
Crucial for rehabilitation relating to injuries, chronic conditions, enhancing functional capacity for daily activities.

Guidelines and Barriers to Physical Activity

WHO Guidelines: Provide recommendations for physical activity but need to consider barriers:
- Common obstacles include lack of time, financial constraints, low energy, motivational challenges, insufficient knowledge, and concerns about health risks.
- Addressing barriers can involve reassuring patients about safe exercise levels and developing strategies to incorporate activity into busy schedules.

Exercise Types in Physiotherapy

Soft Tissue Extensibility: Utilized for muscle tightness or spasticity; promotes flexibility and injury prevention.
Range of Motion (ROM): Used in rehabilitation post-surgery or for maintaining movement when immobilized.
Strength Training: Focuses on muscle activation and improving movement patterns; applicable in recovery and enhancing performance in sports.

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Description

This quiz covers the fundamentals of exercise physiology and its significance in physiotherapy. Explore how understanding the body's responses to physical activity aids rehabilitation and injury prevention. Learn about the importance of personalized exercise prescriptions for various health conditions.