Exercise Physiology and Therapeutic Exercise Principles

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of therapeutic exercise according to Taylor, Dodd, Shields & Bruder?

Prescription of a sedentary activity programme

Prescription of a physical activity programme involving involuntary muscle contraction

Prescription of a mental activity programme

Prescription of a physical activity programme involving voluntary muscle contraction and/or body movement (correct)

What is the main purpose of therapeutic exercise?

To reduce overall health and fitness

To rehabilitate disabilities and improve physical function (correct)

To induce disabilities

To increase risk factors

According to the learning outcomes, what is one of the things you should understand by the end of the session and independent study?

Basic principles of cooking

Basic exercise physiology and the effect on body systems (correct)

Advanced mathematics concepts

The history of physiotherapy

Which patient groups would benefit from therapeutic exercise according to the text?

Those who want to improve or restore physical function Signup and view all the answers

What is the scope of exercise used in physiotherapy practice according to the learning outcomes?

Identifying different energy systems Signup and view all the answers

In the rehabilitation cycle, which phase would functional fitness and rehabilitation fall under?

Early to middle management Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for short, quick bursts of activity in high-intensity exercises?

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and Phosphocreatine (PCr) Signup and view all the answers

Which energy system provides energy for activity of moderate intensity and short duration?

Lactic Acid System Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum energy capacity of the ATP-PCr System?

0.7 mol ATP Signup and view all the answers

In which phase of exercise does the breakdown of carbohydrate form lactic acid?

Acceleration phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of carbohydrate energy for active muscles during exercise?

Glycogen stored in muscles Signup and view all the answers

Which energy system requires aerobic metabolism (using oxygen) when intense exercise continues beyond a few minutes?

Long-Term Energy: The Aerobic System Signup and view all the answers

What is the predominant energy system after the second minute of exercise?

Aerobic system Signup and view all the answers

Which gland releases human growth hormone, telling the body to increase bone, muscle, and tissue production?

Pituitary gland Signup and view all the answers

What does the effect of specific training lead to in the musculoskeletal system?

Increase in size & number of mitochondria in muscle Signup and view all the answers

What does endurance training improve in the musculoskeletal system?

Improved uptake and usage of oxygen by the muscle Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the cardiovascular response during exercise due to the effect of regular exercise?

Increase in stroke volume Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of exercise on the central nervous system?

Allows parts of the brain to 'talk' more easily to each other Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is related to the resynthesis of ATP in the mitochondria of the muscle cell?

Aerobic metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What is released by the adrenal gland during exercise?

Cortisol Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Therapeutic Exercise

Therapeutic exercise is defined as a planned and structured series of exercises, designed to improve or restore impaired functions, or to enhance or maintain physical performance.

Purpose and Scope of Therapeutic Exercise

The main purpose of therapeutic exercise is to improve or restore impaired functions, or to enhance or maintain physical performance.
The scope of exercise used in physiotherapy practice includes exercises that improve or restore impaired functions, or enhance or maintain physical performance.

Patient Groups Benefiting from Therapeutic Exercise

Therapeutic exercise is beneficial for various patient groups, including those with impaired functions or those who require enhancement or maintenance of physical performance.

Energy Systems and Exercise

The primary source of energy for short, quick bursts of activity in high-intensity exercises is the ATP-PCr system.
The anaerobic glycolytic system provides energy for activity of moderate intensity and short duration.
The maximum energy capacity of the ATP-PCr System is approximately 10-15 seconds.
In the anaerobic glycolytic phase, the breakdown of carbohydrate forms lactic acid.
The main source of carbohydrate energy for active muscles during exercise is muscle glycogen.
The aerobic energy system requires aerobic metabolism (using oxygen) when intense exercise continues beyond a few minutes.
The predominant energy system after the second minute of exercise is the aerobic energy system.

Hormonal and Musculoskeletal Responses to Exercise

The pituitary gland releases human growth hormone, which stimulates the body to increase bone, muscle, and tissue production.
Specific training leads to hypertrophy in the musculoskeletal system.
Endurance training improves muscle endurance and cardiovascular fitness in the musculoskeletal system.
Regular exercise leads to improved cardiovascular response, including increased cardiac output and decreased resting heart rate.

Central Nervous System and Exercise

Exercise affects the central nervous system, leading to improved neural function and increased neurotransmitter release.

Cellular Responses to Exercise

The process of oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the mitochondria, is related to the resynthesis of ATP in the muscle cell.
The adrenal gland releases epinephrine during exercise.

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Description

Learn about the principles and physiology of exercise, including the scope of exercise used in physiotherapy practice, different energy systems, basic exercise physiology and its effects on body systems, and the principles underpinning therapeutic exercise.