Web Development Basics Quiz - HTTP & Servers

PHP Building Blocks: Web Development Foundations

• PHP is a scripting language used for web development
• CSS, HTML, and PHP are used together to create dynamic web pages
• The image shows the core components of web development
• 2024 Copyright notice.

Table of Contents

• The document contains a table of contents for different chapters
• The document has descriptions of subjects and their corresponding page numbers
• The chapters are numbered as in Chapter 1, Chapter 2, etc.

Chapter 1 Review Client-Server

• Web development involves a client (user's computer) and a server (website's computer)
• Requests are sent from the client to the server for website data
• Responses are sent from the server back to the client to display the website
• A client-server model is used for accessing websites
• The server is constantly running, and clients can connect and access the website in any time.
• Internet traffic congestion can happen as multiple clients try to access a website
• Websites need constant maintenance so that clients can always access the website.

Chapter 1 Why use Client-Server

• The client-server model is used for communication between a browser and a website.
• The server needs constant upkeep so that clients can access the website.
• Website traffic becomes congested when too many clients try to access the server at once, so it might slow down or crash.
• The server usually houses the website's code, and the client displays the content.

Chapter 1 Web Servers

• XAMPP and GBLearn are examples of web servers that are used to run PHP code.
• XAMPP is used locally to test websites without publishing them online.
• GBLearn is a remote server that is used to deploy a fully functional website.
• The location of web pages is within XAMPP/htdocs/dashboard Folder

Chapter 1 Setup Tools

• A developer must install Firefox, PHPStorm, FileZilla, XAMPP, and an account online at GBLearn.com
• Firefox is needed for accessing the website
• PHPStorm is an IDE tool (integrated development environment)
• Other tools like Text editors can help with code writing.
• FileZilla is used to move files between computer servers
• XAMPP is a tool for managing local web servers.
• A GBLearn account is needed to host the website remotely.

Chapter 1 Port Number

• Port number is added to the URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
• The port number is frequently used during local server testing

Chapter 1 htdocs folder

• The XAMPP's htdocs folder is used to contain the website's files for local access
• The content folder within the htdocs folder is used for testing.

Chapter 1 Documentation

• Documentation is a key resource for developers working with PHP.
• The documentation is available online at https://www.php.net/
• This resource helps in understanding PHP functionalities, concepts, and syntax.

Chapter 1 Hello World

• The example shows how to display "Hello World" on a webpage.
• PHP code is enclosed in tags
• It also uses HTML to format the page, making it visible to the user.

Mini Exercise 1

• This section describes a method to start a local web server.
• The students need to move a file into a certain directory
• The students need to start a web server.

Mini Exercise 2

• Locating a specific php.ini file
• This exercise is about finding a specific file on your computer.
• Different locations for the file for different operating systems are mentioned.
• Screenshots of relevant file paths and locations are highly suggestive.

Mini Exercise 2 Solution

• The solution exercise contains answers based on operating systems
• Various answers are accepted as the solution may vary.
• These solutions show how to configure certain parts of PHP (php.ini) for your work
• These are important configuration values

Maxi Exercise 1

• This section explains how to display "Hello Universe" to the screen.
• It refers back to previous exercises.

Ch.1 Maxi Exercise 1 Solution

• The code solution relies on a template and modification of a single line of code.
• The output needs to show "Hello Universe" when running the exercise.

Ch.1 Test Your Knowledge

• This section asks questions about concepts in web development.

Ch.1 Test Your Knowledge Solution

• The answers for the quiz are provided.
• The answers refer to the concepts of Client-Server models, and HTTP

Ch. 1 Quiz

• This section contains multiple-choice questions about PHP concepts.
• The questions address fundamental concepts.

Ch. 1 Quiz Solution

• The correct answers to the quiz questions are provided

Terms

• This section introduces fundamental terms related to web development and programming
• It contains explanations of core concepts.

Chapter 2 RAM vs Drive

• RAM (Random Access Memory) stores data for temporary use
• Drive stores data for long-term use

Variables

• Variables are named containers that hold various types of data (e.g., strings, integers, etc)

Identifiers/Naming Convention

• Rules for naming variables or other entities in PHP
• Conventions for naming variables (should be descriptive)
• Conventions for naming Functions (use underscores between words)

Data Types

• String types can hold text, words, and sentences
• Integer types represent whole numbers
• Float and Double types represent numbers with decimal values
• Boolean types represent true/false values

Mini Exercise 2

• The exercise involves defining variables with specified data types
• The exercise focuses on the concepts of different types of valid variables

Mini Exercise 4 solution

• Shows different examples of operations among arrays
• The outputs for the provided examples show how to do array and set operations in programming

HTML form review

• HTML forms gather user input for web applications
• The form's action attribute determines where to send the data after submission.
• The use of methods to pass data to another page, like GET and POST methods

Sending Data with GET and POST

• GET sends data as part of the URL
• POST sends data privately, without displaying it in the URL

Superglobals

• $_GET and $_POST are examples of superglobals (automatically accessible variables)
• These are used to access form values on another web page

The MVC Pattern - Short Introduction

• The Model-View-Controller pattern separates program logic into discrete components (model, view, and controller) to make the program structure easier to manage

Built-ins

• The built-in functions in PHP that perform specific operations, such as determining the values or changing the type of the data using the function or other data checking functions

Maxi Exercise 1

• This exercise focuses on the creation of a website that sells goods
• It involves integrating form data, validations, and other programming concepts

Ch. 1 Test Your Knowledge

• Questions about general concepts in programming, such as arrays and associative arrays
• Answers are provided

Quiz

• Multiple-choice questions to test comprehension of various concepts
• Answers to the questions are given

Chapter 3 Conditionals

• Explains how to use if and switch statements for conditional execution
• If-statements: A simple conditional statement
• Switch-statements: A statement useful when the conditional statements can be multiple, and each conditional statement checks a single value against cases.

Equality

• Different types of equality checks, such as weak equality (loose checking) and strict equality (strict checking)
• How to use them in code examples.

Logical Operators

• The "or", "and", and "xor" operators are explained
• Examples are provided, showing their use in conditions

String Operators

• How to combine strings in PHP using the concatenation operator
• An example of how to make two strings, first name and last name, into a single string
• Modifying Strings with the concat compound assignment operator

Mini Exercise 4

• The code example uses the concatenation operator to combine strings
• The exercise demonstrates how to use the concatenation operator and how to use a compound operator.
• The use of assignment operators

HTML form review

• An explanation of how HTML forms are used in web pages
• The use of the GET and POST methods, which are used to transfer form data from the page to a script on the server.

Sending data with GET

• How GET is used, with data included within the URL for display

Sending data with POST

• How POST is used in the URL, which is used to transfer form data from one page to another page via HTTP without the data display on the URL for security purposes
• The concept of POST is more secure in comparison to GET

Superglobals: $_GET and $_POST

• These are automatically accessible global variables in PHP code
• They are used to retrieve form data

Built-ins

• Built-in functions for working with arrays, such as array_fill(), array_pad(), etc.,
• Built-in functions for working with dates, such as mktime(), strtotime(), etc.
• Built-in functions isset() to check for variable existence

Maxi Exercise 1

• This exercise focuses on creating and implementing a variety of web application functionalities.

Terms

• Definitions of key terms in programming and web development

Chapter 6 Quiz

• This section contains multiple-choice questions on file I/O and related concepts in PHP.

Chapter 6 Test Your Knowledge

• Questions on errors and ways to fix various issues in code

Terms

• Glossary of important concepts in error handling

Chapter 6 Maxi Exercise

• Details on how to create a page to help manage quizzes
• Steps are included, and ways to control the output of some common situations using PHP.

Chapter 7 Quiz

• Quiz questions on Cookies and Sessions in web development

Chapter 7 Test Your Knowledge

• Questions and explanations of processes of authenticating a use

Chapter 7 Maxi Exercise

• Details on how to create a full website with login and registration features.
• Details for user authentication

Chapter 8 Quiz

• Questions on the concepts of classes, objects, methods, and inheritance

Chapter 8 Test Your Knowledge

• Detailed questions and explanations of the concepts of classes, objects, and related issues

Chapter 8 Maxi Exercise

• This exercise involves the implementation of new classes and features.

Chapter 9 Quiz

• Quiz on the fundamental principles of SQL command.

Chapter 9 Test Your Knowledge

• Questions designed to encourage the understanding of the application of prepared statements.

Chapter 9 Maxi Exercise

• A series of steps for creating different types of SQL queries using different methods (including unprepared) and how to verify the success of the queries.