Weather vs Climate Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the difference between weather and climate?

Weather is the short-term state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place, while climate is the long-term pattern of weather in a region.

What are the two main characteristics of climate?

  • Solar radiation and Altitude
  • Humidity and Air pressure
  • Temperature and Precipitation (correct)
  • Wind speed and Cloud cover
  • What are the main factors affecting weather?

  • Ocean currents and Proximity to mountain ranges
  • Latitude and Altitude
  • Air pressure and Air temperature (correct)
  • Wind patterns and Solar activity
  • What are the causes of temperature differences?

    <p>Latitude, proximity to large bodies of water, elevation and ocean currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is precipitation?

    <p>Precipitation is water that falls to the ground as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the causes of precipitation?

    <p>Proximity to mountain ranges, windward side, and prevailing winds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three natural factors that cause climate change?

    <p>The three natural factors are slow drifting of the continents, changes in the sun's energy, and variations in the position of Earth in relation to the sun.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is global warming?

    <p>Global warming is the long-term increase in Earth's average temperature, primarily caused by the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are global climate phenomenon?

    <p>Global climate phenomenon are major changes in ocean currents that cause changes in climate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are greenhouse gases?

    <p>Gases that absorb and emit radiant energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main greenhouse gases?

    <p>Water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and chlorofluorocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main gases in Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>Nitrogen, oxygen, argon and other gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are stars?

    <p>Stars are massive balls of gas that emit light and heat due to nuclear fusion reactions in their core.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of fusion that occurs within stars?

    <p>Fusion is the process where nuclei of atoms, primarily hydrogen, combine at extremely high temperatures and pressures to form heavier elements, releasing immense energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do astronomers determine the composition of a star?

    <p>Astronomers use a spectroscope, a tool that separates light into its different wavelengths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main characteristics of stars?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is luminosity?

    <p>Luminosity is the total amount of light emitted by a star.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is magnitude?

    <p>Magnitude is a measure of a star's apparent brightness as seen from Earth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the H-R diagram?

    <p>The H-R diagram is a graph that shows the relationship between a star's absolute magnitude and its temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between star size and brightness?

    <p>Larger stars are generally brighter than smaller stars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a supergiant and a giant star?

    <p>A supergiant is much larger and brighter than a giant star.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are white dwarf stars smaller than Earth?

    <p>White dwarf stars are the remnant cores of stars that have exhausted their nuclear fuel and collapsed under gravity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the mass of a star affect gravity?

    <p>A more massive star has stronger gravity due to greater mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are binary stars?

    <p>Binary stars are systems of two stars that orbit around a common center of mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are constellations?

    <p>Constellations are patterns of stars that appear to form shapes in the sky.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the International Astronomical Union (IAU)?

    <p>The IAU is an international organization that oversees research and standards in astronomy, including the recognition of constellations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Polaris, and why is it important for navigation?

    <p>Polaris is the North Star, located very near the celestial North Pole. It appears stationary in the sky, providing a reliable reference point for navigation in the Northern Hemisphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the zodiac?

    <p>The zodiac is a band of constellations that align with the ecliptic, the plane of Earth's orbit around the sun.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between astronomy and astrology?

    <p>Astronomy is the scientific study of celestial objects and the universe, while astrology is the belief that the positions of celestial objects influence human lives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the 12 zodiac constellations?

    <p>The 12 zodiac constellations are Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Southern Cross?

    <p>The Southern Cross is a constellation in the Southern Hemisphere that is used as a navigation tool.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Canopus?

    <p>Canopus is the second-brightest star in the night sky, located in the constellation Carina.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the constellation Centaurus, and what is it known for?

    <p>Centaurus is a constellation in the Southern Hemisphere that is known for its shape, which resembles a centaur, a mythical creature with the upper body of a human and the lower body of a horse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the constellation Hydra?

    <p>Hydra is the largest constellation in the sky, known for its serpent-like shape and its presence in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the ecliptic in the zodiac constellations?

    <p>The ecliptic is the plane of Earth's orbit around the sun, and the zodiac constellations are located along this path.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes the constellation Gemini unique?

    <p>Gemini is known for its two bright stars, Castor and Pollux, which are named after the twins of Greek mythology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the constellation Leo?

    <p>Leo is often associated with the Nemean Lion, a mythical beast that was slain by the Greek hero Heracles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the constellation Virgo known for?

    <p>Virgo is the second-largest constellation in the sky, and it is often depicted as a woman holding a sheaf of wheat in her hands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the constellation Scorpius known for?

    <p>Scorpius is often associated with the scorpion that killed Orion, a famous hunter in Greek mythology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the constellation Ophiuchus known for?

    <p>Ophiuchus is often represented as a man grasping a snake, symbolizing the serpent bearer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the constellation Sagittarius known for?

    <p>Sagittarius is often depicted as a centaur holding a bow and arrow, representing the archer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the constellation Capricornus known for?

    <p>Capricornus is often represented as a sea-goat, a mythical creature with the upper body of a goat and the lower body of a fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the constellation Cancer known for?

    <p>Cancer is often depicted as a crab, representing the crab that attacked the Greek hero Heracles during his labor to slay the Nemean Lion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Aldebaran?

    <p>Aldebaran is a red giant star, the brightest star in the constellation Taurus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Pleiades Star Cluster, and what is it also known as?

    <p>The Pleiades Star Cluster, also known as the Seven Sisters or Messier 45, is a group of stars that appear as a tight cluster in the constellation Taurus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Weather

    • Short-term weather patterns (day-to-day)
    • Limited area
    • Changes quickly
    • Difficult to predict

    Climate

    • Long-term weather patterns
    • Average temperature and precipitation over time

    Factors Affecting Weather

    • Air pressure: Measures the air's weight over an area
    • Air temperature: Measures how hot or cold the air is

    Main Characteristics of Climate

    • Temperature: Depends on the sun's energy
      • Latitude: Distance north or south of the equator; areas closer to the equator receive direct sunlight
      • Proximity to large bodies of water: Affects temperature
      • Latitude/Elevation: Higher elevations tend to be colder
      • Ocean currents: Move heat around the world
    • Precipitation: Water falling as rain, snow, etc
      • Proximity to mountain ranges: Creates rain shadows
        • Windward side: Air rises, cools, and loses its ability to hold water, leading to precipitation

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    Description

    Explore the key differences between weather and climate in this quiz! Understand short-term weather patterns and long-term climate behaviors while examining the factors that influence both. This quiz is ideal for those studying meteorology or environmental science.

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