WBC and Benign Disorders Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of phagocytes?

  • Produce antibodies
  • Transport oxygen
  • Regulate blood pressure
  • Engulf pathogens (correct)

    • How long do monocytes spend in the marrow before maturing in tissues?

  • 1-3 hours
  • 1-2 days
  • 20-40 hours (correct)
  • Several weeks

    • Which type of blood cell is known for its large central oval or indented nucleus?

  • Eosinophil
  • Monocyte (correct)
  • Lymphocyte
  • Granulocyte

    • What condition is characterized by an increased number of lymphocytes?

    <p>Lymphocytosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of granulocyte is known for being redder in concentration?

    <p>Eosinophils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the appearance of the cytoplasm in monocytes?

    <p>Ground-glass appearance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of granulocytes in relation to parasites?

    <p>Combat parasites (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Leucocytosis refers to which condition?

    <p>Increase in the number of leukocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary feature of neutrophil leucocytosis?

    <p>Increase in circulating neutrophils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with an increase in eosinophils lasting more than six months?

    <p>Hypereosinophilic syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical cause of monocytosis?

    <p>Increase in monocyte count (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition might be marked by the presence of immature cells in the peripheral blood?

    <p>Leukemoid reactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical feature is commonly associated with neutropenia?

    <p>Infections of the mouth and throat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor could potentially lead to drug-induced neutropenia?

    <p>Anticoagulants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of leucocytosis is characterized by toxic granulation and Doehle bodies?

    <p>Neutrophil leucocytosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of basophil leucocytosis?

    <p>Myeloproliferative disorders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main treatments for autoimmune neutropenia?

    <p>Steroid therapy or splenectomy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of leukocyte is primarily responsible for assisting phagocytes in the body's defense?

    <p>Lymphocytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of lymphocytosis in infants and young children?

    <p>EBV infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cells is NOT involved in the immune response when the body encounters an EBV infection?

    <p>Red blood cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the maturation process of T cells, which specific type of T cells are eliminated?

    <p>T cells that recognize and destroy self-antigens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic test for Infectious Mononucleosis?

    <p>Urine analysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common cause of lymphopenia?

    <p>Corticosteroid therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Leucogenesis

    The process of producing white blood cells (leukocytes) from stem cells in the bone marrow.

    Phagocytes

    Cells that engulf and digest pathogens or debris; include granulocytes and monocytes.

    Granulocytes

    A type of phagocyte with granules in their cytoplasm; includes neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.

    Monocytes

    The largest type of white blood cell that matures into macrophages; have an indented nucleus and fine cytoplasmic vacuoles.

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    Leucocytosis

    An increase in the number of white blood cells, often indicating infection or inflammation.

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    Lymphocytosis

    An increase in lymphocyte count; often associated with infectious diseases like mononucleosis.

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    Neutropenia

    A lower than normal number of neutrophils, increasing infection risk.

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    Lymphopenia

    A decrease in lymphocytes, which can lead to weakened immune response.

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    Phagocytosis

    Process by which cells engulf and digest pathogens.

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    Chemotaxis

    Movement of phagocytes toward the site of infection due to chemical signals.

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    Neutrophil leucocytosis

    High levels of neutrophils in the blood, often due to infection or inflammation.

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    Eosinophil leucocytosis

    Increase in eosinophils, often due to allergies or parasitic infections.

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    Basophil leucocytosis

    Increase in basophils, associated with allergic reactions and certain disorders.

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    Monocytosis

    Increase in monocytes, which can indicate chronic infection or inflammation.

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    Hematopoietic growth factor (G-CSF)

    A substance that encourages the production of neutrophils from bone marrow.

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    Langerhans cell histiocytosis

    A disorder involving abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells, type of dendritic cell.

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    Monocytes confusion

    Monocytes can be confused with small and activated lymphocytes, large granular lymphocytes, and plasma cells.

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    T cell maturation

    T cells form in bone marrow and mature in thymus, where self-reactive cells are deleted.

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    Paul-Bunnel test

    Serological test for diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis.

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    Study Notes

    WBC and Benign Disorders

    • WBCs are crucial for the body's defense mechanisms
    • Learning guidelines include leucogenesis, phagocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes.
    • Immunocytes, lymphocytosis, and lymphopenia are also discussed.
    • Lymphadenopathy is also a key topic.
    • WBCs are produced in the bone marrow. The process of WBC production is called leucogenesis.
    • There are various types of WBCs and each has its unique function
      • Phagocytes engulf harmful pathogens by phagocytosis
        • Phagocytosis – engulf harmful pathogens
        • Granulopoiesis: Production of granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils) in the bone marrow.
      • Immunocytes (lymphocytes) respond to specific foreign invaders
        • Lymphocytes and their development are central to the immune system
      • Monocytes
        • Larger than other peripheral blood leukocytes.
        • Have a large central oval or indented nucleus with clumped chromatin.
        • Cytoplasm stains blue with vacuoles.
        • A short amount of time in the marrow before migrating to tissues for function.
        • Macrophages are derived from monocytes and play a critical role in immune responses and tissue repair.
    • Granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils)
      • Neutrophils (highest number)
        • Phagocytic cells prevalent in acute inflammation.
        • Do not exist in healthy tissues.
        • Vital participants in inflammatory processes.
      • Eosinophils (2-3% of leukocytes):
        • Combat parasites and involved in allergic reactions.
      • Basophils (1%):
        • Important in allergic reactions.
    • Benign disorders of granulocytes and monocytes encompass various conditions.
      • Leucocytosis & Monocytosis:
        • Increased WBC numbers due to inflammation
      • Neutropenia:
        • Decreased neutrophil count. Infections commonly occur in these cases.
      • Histiocytic Disorders:
        • Disorders of the cells related to phagocytes.
    • Lymphocytes:
      • Immunocytes – play an essential role in immune responses
      • Lymphocytosis:
        • Increased lymphocyte count. Infections are usually the cause
      • Infections Mononucleosis:
        • Infectious mononucleosis is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
      • Lymphopenia:
        • Decreased lymphocyte count
    • Lymphadenopathy: Swollen lymph nodes. The causes can be localized or generalized
      • Can result from infections, cancers, or other conditions.
    • Quantitative changes in WBCs are classified as cytopenia (decreased number) and cytosis (increased number)
    • Qualitative tests include morphology and functional changes

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    Related Documents

    WBC Benign Disorders PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on white blood cells (WBCs) and their role in the immune system. This quiz covers topics such as leucogenesis, types of WBCs, and related benign disorders. Learn about the functions of phagocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes in defending the body against pathogens.

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