Podcast
Questions and Answers
The distance between a point on one wave and the same point on the next is called the ______.
The distance between a point on one wave and the same point on the next is called the ______.
wavelength
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of wave motion?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of wave motion?
The frequency of a wave remains constant regardless of the medium it travels through.
The frequency of a wave remains constant regardless of the medium it travels through.
True
What is the relationship between frequency and period?
What is the relationship between frequency and period?
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The unit of measurement for frequency is the ______.
The unit of measurement for frequency is the ______.
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Match the following types of waves with their descriptions:
Match the following types of waves with their descriptions:
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Which of the following is an example of a transverse wave?
Which of the following is an example of a transverse wave?
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A wave travels faster in a denser medium.
A wave travels faster in a denser medium.
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What is the primary method used in a foetus scan?
What is the primary method used in a foetus scan?
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Humans can hear ultrasound sounds above 20,000 Hz.
Humans can hear ultrasound sounds above 20,000 Hz.
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What happens to the eardrum when sound waves hit it?
What happens to the eardrum when sound waves hit it?
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The range of human hearing is from ______ to ______ Hz.
The range of human hearing is from ______ to ______ Hz.
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Match the following parts of the ear with their functions:
Match the following parts of the ear with their functions:
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What can commonly damage the hair cells in the cochlea?
What can commonly damage the hair cells in the cochlea?
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The cochlea contains fluid that moves in response to sound vibrations.
The cochlea contains fluid that moves in response to sound vibrations.
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Why do humans lose the ability to hear higher frequencies as they age?
Why do humans lose the ability to hear higher frequencies as they age?
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What happens to the speed of a wave when it enters a denser medium?
What happens to the speed of a wave when it enters a denser medium?
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White light passing through a prism does not spread out into a spectrum of colors.
White light passing through a prism does not spread out into a spectrum of colors.
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What is the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection for a plane surface?
What is the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection for a plane surface?
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When light enters a less dense material, it bends _____ from the normal.
When light enters a less dense material, it bends _____ from the normal.
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Which of the following best describes concave lenses?
Which of the following best describes concave lenses?
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Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:
Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:
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Glass will reflect UV radiation and transmit visible light.
Glass will reflect UV radiation and transmit visible light.
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Objects appear a certain color because they reflect a specific _____ of light.
Objects appear a certain color because they reflect a specific _____ of light.
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What remains constant for a wave according to the principle of conservation of energy?
What remains constant for a wave according to the principle of conservation of energy?
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Higher frequency waves are often absorbed by electrons more easily than lower frequency waves.
Higher frequency waves are often absorbed by electrons more easily than lower frequency waves.
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What happens to light when it strikes a matte surface?
What happens to light when it strikes a matte surface?
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If a material appears a certain colour, only that coloured light has been ______.
If a material appears a certain colour, only that coloured light has been ______.
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What describes the angle of incidence and angle of reflection?
What describes the angle of incidence and angle of reflection?
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What occurs when ultrasound reaches the boundary between two media?
What occurs when ultrasound reaches the boundary between two media?
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Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
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The speed of the waves is ______ when measuring the distance from a source using ultrasound.
The speed of the waves is ______ when measuring the distance from a source using ultrasound.
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Study Notes
Waves in Matter
- Waves can be described in terms of wavelength, amplitude, frequency, and period.
- Wavelength is the distance between a point on one wave and the same point on the next wave.
- Amplitude is the maximum displacement from the equilibrium position.
- Frequency is the number of waves that pass a point per second (measured in Hertz).
- Period is the time taken for a complete wave to pass a point (measured in seconds).
- Velocity = frequency × wavelength
Relationships
- Increasing frequency increases velocity (directly proportional).
- Increasing wavelength increases velocity (directly proportional).
- Period is inversely proportional to frequency.
Types of Waves
- Transverse waves: vibrations are perpendicular to the direction of travel (e.g., light waves).
- Longitudinal waves: vibrations are parallel to the direction of travel (e.g., sound waves).
Passing into Different Media
- Medium: a substance through which a wave travels (e.g., air, water, glass).
- Density of a medium: relates to its optical density, not necessarily its physical density.
- Frequency is constant when passing through a medium.
- Speed decreases when passing into a denser medium, so the wavelength also decreases.
Waves at Material Interfaces
- At an interface, waves can be reflected, transmitted, or absorbed.
- Reflection: the wave bounces back off the surface. Angle of incidence = angle of reflection.
- Transmission: the wave passes through the material.
- Absorption: the wave's energy is absorbed by the material.
Sound
- The ear has three small bones (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) that act as an amplifier for sound waves.
- Small hairs in the cochlea respond to different sound frequencies, creating electrical impulses to the brain.
- Human hearing range: 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz.
Sonar
- Sonar uses ultrasound waves to measure distances.
- Ultrasound waves are reflected off objects, and the time taken for the echo to return is used in calculations.
Ripple Tanks
- Ripple tanks are used to demonstrate wave behaviour.
- Observing ripples in the tank shows concepts of reflection, refraction, and diffraction.
- Measuring time and distance allows calculation of wavelength and frequency of waves.
Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Electromagnetic waves are transverse and travel at the speed of light.
- Frequency and wavelength are inversely related.
- Different EM waves have different uses (e.g., radio waves for communication, X-rays for medical imaging).
- Higher energy waves, like gamma rays, reflect less and can pass through materials.
Lenses
- Lenses (both concave and convex) either converge or diverge light rays.
- Lenses are used in correcting vision problems like short-sightedness or long-sightedness, as well as magnifying objects.
- Light rays will be refracted when passing through a lens.
- Angle of incidence vs angle of refraction
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Description
Test your knowledge on the properties and types of waves in matter. This quiz covers essential concepts such as wavelength, amplitude, frequency, velocity, and the different types of waves. Perfect for students studying physics or related subjects.
