Wave Properties and Types Quiz

The time taken (in seconds) for one complete cycle of a wave, vibration, or oscillation.

T = 1/f

The distance in metres (m) travelled by a wave in one second (s).

<p>The distance (in metres) between two nearest corresponding points on a wave, e.g. the distance between two peaks (crests).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of waves produced in one second or the number of waves that pass a point each second.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The maximum displacement of a wave from its undisturbed position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A regular repetitive motion, e.g. a weight on a spring bouncing up and down, or a pendulum swinging backwards and forwards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A wave in which the direction of oscillations is perpendicular (at right angles) to the direction of the wave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A wave in which the direction of oscillations is parallel to the direction of the wave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The oscillating distance of a point on a wave from its undisturbed position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two or more sources of waves that have the same frequency and are in phase or have a constant phase difference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The difference between the distances that two waves have travelled when they meet at a point (usually measured as a multiple of wavelengths).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The amount by which one wave leads or lags (falls behind) another wave (usually measured in degrees, where 360⁰ corresponds to one full wave cycle).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When two waves have zero phase difference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When two waves have a phase difference of 180⁰ (half a wave cycle).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When two or more waves combine; their displacements are added together (displacements can cancel each other out).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When the superposition of two waves cause the displacement to increase (greater amplitude).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An optical device that has a periodic structure of many slits which splits and diffracts light into several beams. Different frequencies (wavelengths) of light diffract by different amounts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The range of frequencies of light emitted by an element because of electrons moving between energy levels within atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each element has a unique emission spectra and so by analysing the light given off all the elements can be identified.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>v = fλ</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The superposition of a wave and its reflection to form a steady interference pattern of nodes and antinodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Points on a stationary wave with zero amplitude (two nodes are half a wavelength apart).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a system is periodically forced at a frequency that causes a massive increase in amplitude (e.g. when you push someone on a swing).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>v = √(T/μ)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The change in direction of light (a wave) when there is a change of speed as it crosses a boundary between different media (e.g. passing from air into glass).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ratio of speed of light in a vacuum, c, to the speed of light in the medium, v. (c/v)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When light reflects within a medium (of greater refractive index) instead of refracting across the boundary into another medium (of lower refractive index).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The angle of incidence that causes an angle of refraction of 90⁰, total internal reflection occurs when the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thin fibre of glass that relies upon total internal reflection so light rays can pass down the length of it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An optical device made of bundles of optical fibres. Light is sent into a hard to see place (usually the body); it then reflects and returns via a second bundle of fibres.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A signal that continuously varies in both amplitude and frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A signal that is made up of a stream of binary data in the form of zeros and ones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analogue signals are sampled (values taken) continuously at fixed intervals of time. The values are then converted into binary values (1s and 0s) so they can be sent as a digital signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There are seven types of electromagnetic waves, each with a range of frequencies, that make up a spectrum; radio-waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed of light in a vacuum, 3x10⁸ m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>k is a constant (does not change) for a particular source of a wave, the intensity of a wave will reduce in line with the square of the distance, r. (E.g. if the distance doubles then the intensity will reduce by a factor of 4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1,000 Hz (kilo = 1,000)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High powered microwave and radio-wave signals are used to communicate long distances with satellites. Upload and download signals are transmitted at different frequencies. Radio-waves can be used for low orbit satellites. Microwaves are needed for high orbit satellites so that the signal can pass through the atmosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Base stations transmit and receive signals over a limited range and allow phones to communicate across phone provider networks, which are allocated a band of frequencies in the radio/microwave region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lower power devices communicate over a short range (about 10 m) directly with other devices e.g. mobile phone to ear buds. 'Frequency-hopping' is used to reduce interference with Wi-Fi signals that use similar frequencies of microwaves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computers and mobile devices can connect using a medium power signal to the internet via a router over a range of 100 m.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low power devices like remote controls can send signals over a short range, but these signals require 'line-of-sight' and so are easily blocked and do not work well in bright sunlight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The distance from the rest position to the top of the wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The time taken for one wavelength to pass a point</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of waves per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1000</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coherent light has the same frequency/wavelength and is in phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 pi</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A wave is transmitted along a string, reflects back and the two waves superimpose with each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>light of the same wavelength that is in phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When light charges from one media to another and charges angle and direction because it slows down</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When light reflects internally inside a piece of glass rather than refracting out because the angle of incidence is above the critical angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wavelengths of light emitted by electrons. They can be used to identify elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Single mode has a thin core and carries less information a longer distance. Multi mode is suitable for LAN as it carries lots of signals but not far</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radio waves Microwaves Infrared radiation Visible light Ultraviolet X-rays Gamma rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Long wavelength, low energy, refract off the atmosphere, used for communications</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thermal radiation, used in remote control, requires direct line of sight, easily absorbed so short distance only</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If the distance from an EM wave source double, the intensity drops to a quarter of the previous intensity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10-6</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regular variation in magnitude or position about a central point</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How far the quantity that is in oscillation has moved from its mean value at any given time</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>wave speed = frequency x wavelength</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a flat plane objects, it has a series of regular lines formed on it that block parts of na advancing wave front</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Instead of looking at what comes through a grating, you look at the part of the wave energy that is bounced back off the grating surface Because he grating lines are regularly spaces and interference patten is produced</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When light is emitted from or absorbed by matter, you can only explain what happens by thinking of light as being composed of tiny particles called photons When thinking about the coherence of light, you have to combine ideas from wave theory with the idea of individual photons particles called wave particle duality</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The quantum theory of light and other electromagnetic radiations is based on the experimental observation that there is a simple relationship between the frequency of the radiation and the energy by each photon</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Speed of light in a vacuum/Speed of light in the medium</p> Signup and view all the answers