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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of adding chemicals with a positive charge in the coagulation and flocculation step of water treatment?
What is the primary purpose of adding chemicals with a positive charge in the coagulation and flocculation step of water treatment?
What happens to the flocs in the sedimentation step?
What happens to the flocs in the sedimentation step?
What is the purpose of the filtration step in water treatment?
What is the purpose of the filtration step in water treatment?
What is the purpose of degasification in water treatment?
What is the purpose of degasification in water treatment?
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What is the final step in the water treatment process?
What is the final step in the water treatment process?
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What is the primary purpose of primary or physical treatment in wastewater treatment?
What is the primary purpose of primary or physical treatment in wastewater treatment?
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What percentage of suspended solids are removed in primary or physical treatment?
What percentage of suspended solids are removed in primary or physical treatment?
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What is the purpose of secondary or biological treatment in wastewater treatment?
What is the purpose of secondary or biological treatment in wastewater treatment?
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What is the purpose of tertiary treatment in wastewater treatment?
What is the purpose of tertiary treatment in wastewater treatment?
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What is the end result of wastewater treatment?
What is the end result of wastewater treatment?
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What happens to the suspended solids in the coagulation and flocculation step of water treatment?
What happens to the suspended solids in the coagulation and flocculation step of water treatment?
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What is the purpose of sedimentation in water treatment?
What is the purpose of sedimentation in water treatment?
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What type of filters can be used in the filtration step of water treatment?
What type of filters can be used in the filtration step of water treatment?
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What is the purpose of degasification in water treatment?
What is the purpose of degasification in water treatment?
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What is the purpose of adding disinfectants in water treatment?
What is the purpose of adding disinfectants in water treatment?
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What is the purpose of primary or physical treatment in wastewater treatment?
What is the purpose of primary or physical treatment in wastewater treatment?
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What percentage of suspended solids are removed in secondary or biological treatment?
What percentage of suspended solids are removed in secondary or biological treatment?
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What is the purpose of tertiary treatment in wastewater treatment?
What is the purpose of tertiary treatment in wastewater treatment?
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What type of bacteria are used in secondary or biological treatment?
What type of bacteria are used in secondary or biological treatment?
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What can be used in tertiary treatment to remove fine grain suspended solids?
What can be used in tertiary treatment to remove fine grain suspended solids?
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Study Notes
Water Treatment Process
- Water treatment removes contaminants, such as feces, industrial waste, naturally occurring metals, solids, chemicals, bacteria, and viruses, from water.
- Water treatment also removes undesirable odor or taste.
- Water can be treated at the point of collection, at a large municipal site, or at the point of use.
Water Treatment Chemicals
- Flocculants are used to remove suspended bacteria and fungus.
- Neutralizing agents are used to balance pH.
- Corrosion inhibitors are used to prevent oxidation with metal surfaces.
- Coagulants are used to remove suspended solids.
- Antifoam is used to reduce the amount of foam present.
- Algaecides are used to kill algae.
- Disinfectants are used to kill microorganisms.
Physical Processes in Water Treatment
- Sedimentation allows water to become still so suspended particles will settle to the bottom using gravity.
- Water can be filtered by passing it through a semipermeable barrier of various pore sizes.
- Common types of water filters include:
- Screens: used at the source to remove debris and large objects.
- Sand filters: move water through beds of sand and gravel to remove suspended solids.
- Membrane filters: water runs through a porous cloth or organic material.
- Reverse osmosis: forces water under pressure through a semipermeable membrane.
Biological Process in Water Treatment
- Biological filters rely on plants, bacteria, or microorganisms to purify water and remove organic compounds.
- Biological treatment can be aerobic, anaerobic, or anoxic.
- A slow sand filter is a type of biological filter that requires a large area of layered rock, gravel, and sand.
Water Treatment Systems
- Water treatment systems are used to clean drinking water and process wastewater to prevent the spread of disease.
- Water can be treated at the source, at the distribution point, or at a central processing plant.
- Developing countries often use a single treatment method, such as chlorination, due to its low cost.
Wastewater Treatment
- Wastewater treatment is vital to the control of diseases.
- In the U.S., wastewater is handled in two ways: central wastewater treatment plants or individual septic systems.
- Septic systems are used in rural areas and process wastewater through a series of steps.
How Do Water Treatment Plants Work?
- The five main steps to treating water are:
- Coagulation and flocculation: adding chemicals to remove suspended solids.
- Sedimentation: allowing water to settle so flocs can settle at the bottom.
- Filtration: passing water through filters of various sizes to strain out particles.
- Degasification: mixing air and water to reduce dissolved gases.
- Disinfectant: adding a disinfectant to kill remaining parasites, bacteria, or viruses.
Wastewater Treatment
- The three steps in the treatment process are:
- Primary or physical treatment: removing 60% of suspended solids.
- Secondary or biological treatment: removing biological components using aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
- Tertiary treatment: removing remaining fine grain suspended solids, salts, nitrates, or phosphates.
Water Treatment Process
- Water treatment removes contaminants, such as feces, industrial waste, naturally occurring metals, solids, chemicals, bacteria, and viruses, from water.
- Water treatment also removes undesirable odor or taste.
- Water can be treated at the point of collection, at a large municipal site, or at the point of use.
Water Treatment Chemicals
- Flocculants are used to remove suspended bacteria and fungus.
- Neutralizing agents are used to balance pH.
- Corrosion inhibitors are used to prevent oxidation with metal surfaces.
- Coagulants are used to remove suspended solids.
- Antifoam is used to reduce the amount of foam present.
- Algaecides are used to kill algae.
- Disinfectants are used to kill microorganisms.
Physical Processes in Water Treatment
- Sedimentation allows water to become still so suspended particles will settle to the bottom using gravity.
- Water can be filtered by passing it through a semipermeable barrier of various pore sizes.
- Common types of water filters include:
- Screens: used at the source to remove debris and large objects.
- Sand filters: move water through beds of sand and gravel to remove suspended solids.
- Membrane filters: water runs through a porous cloth or organic material.
- Reverse osmosis: forces water under pressure through a semipermeable membrane.
Biological Process in Water Treatment
- Biological filters rely on plants, bacteria, or microorganisms to purify water and remove organic compounds.
- Biological treatment can be aerobic, anaerobic, or anoxic.
- A slow sand filter is a type of biological filter that requires a large area of layered rock, gravel, and sand.
Water Treatment Systems
- Water treatment systems are used to clean drinking water and process wastewater to prevent the spread of disease.
- Water can be treated at the source, at the distribution point, or at a central processing plant.
- Developing countries often use a single treatment method, such as chlorination, due to its low cost.
Wastewater Treatment
- Wastewater treatment is vital to the control of diseases.
- In the U.S., wastewater is handled in two ways: central wastewater treatment plants or individual septic systems.
- Septic systems are used in rural areas and process wastewater through a series of steps.
How Do Water Treatment Plants Work?
- The five main steps to treating water are:
- Coagulation and flocculation: adding chemicals to remove suspended solids.
- Sedimentation: allowing water to settle so flocs can settle at the bottom.
- Filtration: passing water through filters of various sizes to strain out particles.
- Degasification: mixing air and water to reduce dissolved gases.
- Disinfectant: adding a disinfectant to kill remaining parasites, bacteria, or viruses.
Wastewater Treatment
- The three steps in the treatment process are:
- Primary or physical treatment: removing 60% of suspended solids.
- Secondary or biological treatment: removing biological components using aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
- Tertiary treatment: removing remaining fine grain suspended solids, salts, nitrates, or phosphates.
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Description
Learn about the importance of clean drinking water, the dangers of unsafe water, and the process of water treatment to remove contaminants.
