Water Quality Lecture 9: Drinking Water Treatment

Questions and Answers

What is the common method of drinking water treatment that removes pathogens and contaminants from the water?

Disinfection (correct)

Sedimentation

Flocculation

Filtration

What is the main purpose of drinking water treatment?

To remove dissolved oxygen from the water

To ensure water is of a safe quality for consumption (correct)

To change the pH level of the water

To increase the amount of sediment in the water

What is the process of removing suspended particles from the water?

Aeration

Filtration

Flocculation

Sedimentation (correct)

What is the benefit of drinking water treatment in preventing tooth decay?

It helps to prevent tooth decay due to fluoride Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of aeration in drinking water treatment?

To increase the amount of oxygen in the water Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of untreated water on human health?

It can cause pathogen growth Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of forming clumps of particles in the water treatment process?

Flocculation Signup and view all the answers

What is the final stage of the water treatment process?

Disinfection Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of aerating raw water before treatment?

To increase the oxygen content in the water Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of chlorine in water treatment?

To remove bacteria and other microorganisms from the water Signup and view all the answers

What type of chemicals can be used as coagulants in water treatment?

Aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, and other inorganic salts Signup and view all the answers

What is floc in the context of water treatment?

A clump of particles that stick together during treatment Signup and view all the answers

What type of filters are used in drinking water treatment plants?

Sand filters, including dual media and multimedia filters Signup and view all the answers

Why is hydrated lime added to treated water?

To increase the pH of the water Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of aeration in raw water treatment?

To remove dissolved gases Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sedimentation tanks in water treatment?

To remove floc from clear water Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the jar test in water treatment?

To estimate the minimum coagulant dose required Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of coagulation in water treatment?

To produce floc that can be easily removed Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of disinfection in water treatment?

To kill bacteria and other microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of coagulant that is carcinogenic?

One type of coagulant used in the jar test Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of quality control in a Water Treatment Plant (WTP)?

To ensure the water meets certain standards Signup and view all the answers

What is the device used to measure the pH of the water in a Water Treatment Plant (WTP)?

pH meter Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Drinking Water Treatment Process

The treatment process for drinking water varies depending on the type and quality of the raw water.
Common treatment methods include aeration, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection to ensure water is safe for consumption.

Aeration of Raw Water

The purpose of aeration is to remove dissolved gases and metals from the raw water.

Coagulation Process

Coagulants are added to the raw water to remove dirt and other suspended particles.
Types of coagulants include alum and ferric late.
The coagulation process involves mixing the coagulant with the raw water to create floc.

Flocculation Process

The flocculation process involves the production of floc, which attracts and traps dirt and other suspended particles.
The floc is then removed from the clear water in sedimentation tanks.

Sedimentation Tanks

Sedimentation tanks are used to remove the floc from the clear water.
The clear water is then passed through sand filters to remove any remaining suspended particles.

Filtration

Water flows downwards through sand filters to remove suspended particles.
The sand filters trap the floc, allowing clear water to pass through.

Disinfection

Disinfection involves adding chlorine gas to the clear water to kill pathogens and prevent tooth decay.

Quality Control

Water treatment plants (WTPs) have quality control laboratories to test the raw and finished water.
Laboratory tests include bacteriological, physical, and chemical tests to ensure the water meets standards.
Equipment used in the laboratory includes pH meters, colorimeters, and turbidity meters.

Jar Test

The jar test is a laboratory procedure that simulates coagulation and flocculation with differing chemical doses.
The test is used to estimate the minimum coagulant dose required to achieve certain water quality goals.

Water Treatment Technologies

Conventional treatment process involves aeration, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection.
Advanced treatment technologies include ACTIFLO (high-speed microsand settling process), DAF (dissolved air flotation), and Ultrafiltration Membrane Systems.
Other technologies include fluoridation and tablet treatment.

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Description

This quiz covers the drinking water treatment process, including methods such as aeration, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. Learn about the importance of treating raw water to make it safe for consumption.