Water Quality Analysis
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Questions and Answers

What is a key physical characteristic used to analyze water quality?

  • Viscosity
  • Turbidity (correct)
  • Density
  • Smell

    • Which chemical characteristic of water is related to its resistance to pH changes?

  • Acidity
  • Chlorides
  • Hardness
  • Alkalinity (correct)

    • Why is the examination of coliform bacteria important in assessing water contamination?

  • Coliform bacteria are not commonly found in water.
  • Coliform bacteria are indicators of contamination with sewage and presence of pathogens. (correct)
  • Coliform bacteria have no resistance to adverse conditions.
  • Coliform bacteria are pathogenic and cause waterborne diseases.

    • What is a common chemical characteristic tested in water that can affect its taste?

    <p>Sulphates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the examination of pathogenic bacteria important in assessing water quality?

    <p>Pathogenic bacteria indicate the degree of pollution in water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basin called in which the flow is retarded to settle suspended solids?

    <p>Sedimentation tank</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of settling involves particles increasing in mass due to flocculation?

    <p>Type II: Flocculent Particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the quantified net force that drives a particle suspended in water in a different density medium?

    <p>(ρp - ρ)gVp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of flow regime determines the drag coefficient value for a particle in motion?

    <p>Laminar flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of settling do particles remain in fixed positions with respect to each other?

    <p>Type III: Hindered or Zone settling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the drag force depend on when calculating the motion of a particle through a fluid?

    <p>Project area and velocity of the particle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the parameter that determines the turbidity level of water according to Indian Standards for drinking water?

    <p>Colour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of water source requires complete treatment involving aeration, coagulation, filtration, and disinfection?

    <p>Other surface waters with considerable pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mechanical aerators in water treatment?

    <p>Mixing paddles for flocculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameter's limit is extended if no alternative source is available according to the Indian Standards for drinking water?

    <p>Total Dissolved Solids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of settling in the water treatment process?

    <p>To remove coarse dispersed phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of gravity aerators in water treatment?

    <p>Expose a large area of water to atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit operation in water treatment mainly deals with removing suspended matter and a part of colloidal matter?

    <p>Filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do injection or diffused aerators work in water treatment?

    <p>By releasing fine air bubbles from a compressor unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of fountain aerators in water treatment?

    <p>Produce fine spray with special nozzles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of water source would typically require only disinfection as a treatment process?

    <p>Lakes, surface water reservoirs with less pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of coliform bacteria that makes them useful as an indicator of water contamination?

    <p>They are resistant to adverse conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical characteristic of water is crucial for determining its pH levels?

    <p>Alkalinity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the examination of non-pathogenic bacteria, such as E.Coli, important in assessing water quality?

    <p>To use them as indicators of contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physical characteristic is commonly tested to determine the clarity of water?

    <p>Turbidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are pathogenic bacteria considered a significant concern in evaluating water quality?

    <p>They cause water borne diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of settling involves the concentration of particles being so high that sedimentation can only occur through compaction of the structure?

    <p>Type IV: Compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In settling of particles suspended in water, what force becomes the driving force once motion is initiated?

    <p>Net force exerted by density difference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the drag force depend on when calculating the motion of a particle through a fluid?

    <p>Velocity of the particle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Type I settling, what remains constant as particles settle individually without interaction with neighboring particles?

    <p>Settling velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the theoretical average time for which water is detained in a settling tank called?

    <p>Detention period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For spherical particles, what is the equation representing the settling velocity in terms of density, diameter, and drag coefficient?

    <p>$v^2 = 4g(\rho_p - \rho)d^3CD\rho$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of injection or diffused aerators in water treatment?

    <p>Producing a fine spray of air bubbles for aeration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of water source typically necessitates aeration, coagulation, filtration, and disinfection as part of the treatment process?

    <p>Highly polluted surface waters like rivers and canals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit operation in water treatment primarily focuses on removing suspended matter and a part of colloidal matter?

    <p>Filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of settling in the water treatment process?

    <p>To separate coagulated and flocculated impurities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameter's limit is adjusted if no alternative water source is available according to Indian Standards for drinking water?

    <p>Chlorides concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of settling involves particles remaining in fixed positions with respect to each other during separation?

    <p>Zonal settling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical function of mechanical aerators in water treatment?

    <p>Mixing and agitation using paddles</p> Signup and view all the answers

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