18 Questions
What is the average daily intake of water by an adult?
2.5 L
What is the approximate amount of water lost through sweat daily?
100 mL
Where does the majority of insensible water loss occur?
Lungs and skin
What is the effect of cold temperatures on insensible water loss through the lungs?
It increases
What is the function of the cornified layer of the skin in terms of water loss?
It limits water loss
What is the effect of burn injury on water loss through the skin?
It increases
What percentage of total body water is found in men aged 41-60 years?
55
What is the primary function of the interstitial fluid in the body?
To serve as a reservoir for water and electrolytes
What is the estimated percentage of interstitial fluid held in the gel structure of the interstitial space?
99%
What is the primary mechanism that minimizes loss of plasma volume from the intravascular space?
Colloid osmotic pressure
What is a common manifestation of excess fluid in the interstitial space?
Peripheral edema
What is the approximate volume of plasma in the average adult?
3 L
What is the primary function of the renin-angiotensin system in maintaining intravascular fluid volume?
Increase fluid resorption in the kidney
What is the approximate blood volume of an adult in liters?
5 L
What is the relationship between blood volume and body weight in non-obese individuals?
Directly proportional
What is the approximate percentage of potassium ions that are intracellular?
90%
What is the main difference in the composition of intracellular and extracellular fluid?
Protein content
What is the normal hematocrit for menstruating women?
38%
Learn about the daily intake and loss of water in the human body, including excretion, sweat, feces, and insensible water losses through respiration and skin diffusion. Understand how inhaled air affects water loss through the lungs.
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