Water and Electrolytes in Biological Processes

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Questions and Answers

What is the consequence of water having 4 neighboring water molecules connected by hydrogen bonds?

  • Ice has no hydrogen bonds
  • Ice is denser than liquid water
  • Ice has the same density as liquid water
  • Ice is less dense than liquid water (correct)

What is the term for the pressure generated by the osmotic flow of water through a semipermeable membrane into an aqueous compartment containing solute at a higher concentration?

  • Solute pressure
  • Turgor pressure
  • Osmotic pressure (correct)
  • Hydrostatic pressure

Which type of molecules are described as insoluble in water and are associated with the hydrophobic effect?

  • Nonpolar molecules (correct)
  • Charged molecules
  • Polar molecules
  • Amphipathic molecules

What is the fluid exterior to cells, which includes interstitial fluid, blood plasma, and fluids found in other reservoirs in the body called?

<p>Extracellular fluid (ECF) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes molecules containing both polar and nonpolar domains?

<p>Amphipathic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor determines the ability of water to dissolve substances?

<p>H-bond with polar groups in non-ionic molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property of water allows it to have the highest density at 4ºC?

<p>Regular crystal lattice structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the bulk flow of water through a semipermeable membrane into another aqueous compartment containing solute at a higher concentration?

<p>Osmosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solutions have higher osmolarity than that of the cytosol?

<p>Hypertonic solutions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormones help monitor blood volume through mechanisms regulating thirst and sodium and water balance?

<p>Aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compounds dissolve easily in water due to their charged or polar nature?

<p>Hydrophilic compounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most abundant substance in living systems?

<p>Water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of water in biological processes?

<p>Transports nutrients and oxygen into cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the geometric shape of water?

<p>Tetrahedral (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of charge does the oxygen atom carry in a water molecule?

<p>Negative charge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hydrogen bonds in water?

<p>Maintain water's liquid state at room temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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