16 Questions
What is a dissolved substance in water called?
Solute
Which body part has the highest proportion of water?
Kidneys
What is the main function of the sodium-potassium pump?
Using ATP to move sodium out of a cell and potassium into a cell
How do solutes move passively across membranes?
Due to concentration gradients or facilitated transport
What does dehydration mean?
Too little fluid in body tissues
Why are signals sent to increase thirst?
To respond to increased blood plasma osmolarity
What signals are sent to the salivary glands in a dehydrated state?
Decrease saliva production
Which electrolyte is responsible for half of the osmotic pressure gradients between the cell interior and the extracellular space?
Sodium
What is the primary function of phosphate in the body?
Serve as a buffer
Which condition results from too much potassium in the body?
Hyperkalemia
What is the primary role of bicarbonate in the blood?
Balance acid-base levels
What pH value is considered neutral on the pH scale?
7
Which system controls the balance of acids and bases within minutes?
Respiratory system
What happens to blood pH if hydrogen ions are being captured by sulfates, phosphates, or ammonia?
It becomes more acidic
What is a symptom of physiological acidosis?
Headache
Which electrolyte is important for muscle contraction and blood coagulation?
Calcium
This quiz covers topics related to the water and electrolyte balance in the human body, including the concepts of solute, electrolytes, osmosis, and the distribution of water in different organs and age groups.
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