Waste Management and Recycling in EU
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary difference between pyrolysis and gasification in terms of oxygen presence?

  • Pyrolysis has an absence of oxygen, while gasification has a controlled amount of oxygen. (correct)
  • Pyrolysis has an excess of oxygen, while gasification has a limited amount of oxygen.
  • Pyrolysis has a controlled amount of oxygen, while gasification has an absence of oxygen.
  • Pyrolysis has a limited amount of oxygen, while gasification has an excess of oxygen.

What is the typical temperature range for gasification in waste-to-energy production?

  • 700°C - 1200°C
  • 900°C - 1300°C
  • 300°C - 800°C
  • 800°C - 1500°C (correct)

What is the primary product of pyrolysis in waste-to-energy production?

  • Pyrolytic oil
  • Combustible gases (correct)
  • Syngas
  • Biochar

What is the main advantage of incineration in waste management?

<p>95% decrease of waste amount (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of syngas produced through gasification?

<p>Combustible fuel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern in flue gas cleaning for waste incineration?

<p>NOx and SO2 emission control (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of waste can be immediately reduced through incineration in terms of mass?

<p>80-85% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of flue gas cleaning in incineration plants?

<p>To reduce toxic emissions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical temperature range for incineration processes?

<p>900-1300°C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of waste is treated through Waste-to-Energy technologies in the EU?

<p>40-45% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of producing electricity from waste through incineration?

<p>Thermal energy conversion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern regarding underdeveloped incineration facilities?

<p>Low gas cleaning efficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Waste-to-Energy plants?

<p>To generate electricity and heat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the Waste-to-Energy plant in Prague that launched heat production in 1997?

<p>ZEVO Malešice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of acid gas scrubbers in flue gas cleaning?

<p>To reduce acid gas emissions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated number of Waste-to-Energy plants operating in Europe in 2020?

<p>500-550 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major concern in open dumping in developing countries?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major reason for low public awareness of waste management?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary challenge in implementing waste-to-energy production in developing countries?

<p>Lack of infrastructure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of thermal treatment methods in waste management?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major regulatory challenge in waste management in developing countries?

<p>Underfunding of the sector (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major consequence of increasing population and waste production in developing countries?

<p>No more space for landfills (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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