Walking vs Running: Gait Analysis

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What percentage of stance and swing does the left limb exhibit during freely chosen walking speed?

58% Stance, 42% Swing

70% Stance, 30% Swing

50% Stance, 50% Swing

62% Stance, 38% Swing (correct)

What characterizes running compared to walking?

Higher percentage of swing phase

Presence of double-limb support

Increased energy expenditure

Absence of double-limb support (correct)

Which determinant of gait involves pelvic rotation?

Knee flexion in stance phase

Pelvic rotation in the transverse plane (correct)

Physiologic valgus of the knee

Knee, ankle and foot interaction

What is the main purpose of the six determinants of gait?

Minimize center of gravity movement Signup and view all the answers

What occurs to the period of double-limb support when walking at a faster pace?

It decreases Signup and view all the answers

What measurement indicates the average magnitude of pelvic rotation during the gait cycle?

8 degrees Signup and view all the answers

Which function of the determinants of gait aims to make walking smoother and easier?

Minimize COG displacement Signup and view all the answers

In the fast walking speed data, what percentage of stance does the right limb have?

42% Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a function of the six determinants of gait?

Increase vertical displacement Signup and view all the answers

What does knee flexion during the stance phase contribute to in gait analysis?

Smoothness of gait Signup and view all the answers

What happens during lateral pelvic tilting in relation to the stance leg?

The pelvis tilts downward on the swing leg. Signup and view all the answers

What is the average magnitude of pelvic drop during gait?

4-5 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of knee flexion during the stance phase of gait?

Shock absorption. Signup and view all the answers

Which movement occurs at the knee during the initial contact phase of gait?

Knee extension to 0 degrees. Signup and view all the answers

In which phase does knee flexion reach up to 35-40 degrees?

Preswing Signup and view all the answers

What effect does physiological valgus have on the knee?

Decreases the distance between the knees. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the 4th and 5th determinants of gait?

To prevent sudden changes in vertical displacement of COG. Signup and view all the answers

How do external forces differ from internal forces in kinetic analysis?

External forces include gravity, while internal forces are muscle-generated. Signup and view all the answers

What is the angle formed by the femoral and tibial axes at the knee joint?

185 degrees to 190 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What movement accompanies knee extension during the mid stance phase?

Ankle dorsiflexion Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Walking vs Running

Walking is distinguished from running by the presence of double-limb support.
As walking speed increases, the double-limb support duration decreases.
Running occurs when double-limb support disappears, with float periods where both feet are off the ground.

Gait Kinematics Analysis

Six determinants of gait are adjustments to minimize center of gravity (COG) movement.
- Pelvic rotation in the transverse plane.
- Lateral pelvic tilting in the frontal plane.

Functions of Gait Determinants

Pelvic Rotation: Lengthens lower extremities, minimizes COG drop.
Lateral Pelvic Tilting: Prevents excessive COG rise.
Knee Flexion: Absorbs shock, prevents upward COG displacement.

Knee, Ankle, and Foot Interaction

Knee flexion and extension are associated with ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion during stance phases.

Physiological Valgus of the Knee

Knee joint angle between femur and tibia is normally valgus (inward) for stability.
This placement of the knees reduces the width of the base of support.
Prevents excessive lateral shift of the center of gravity.

Kinetic Analysis

Kinetic analysis examines the forces causing motion.
External forces include gravity, inertia, and ground reaction force.
Internal forces originate primarily from muscles and are assisted by other body components.
Gravitational force acts downward.
Ground reaction force (GRF) opposes gravity, is crucial for walking.
Line of gravity is an imaginary vertical line connecting the center of gravity (COG) points on body segments.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore the fundamental differences between walking and running, focusing on gait kinematics and the determinants that influence movement dynamics. This quiz delves into the mechanics of locomotion including the roles of pelvic rotation, knee flexion, and their interactions. Test your understanding of how these elements minimize energy expenditure and maintain balance.