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Questions and Answers
Which growth factor is a family of 22 proteins with 17-28 kDa and 12-14 beta-strands?
Which growth factor is a family of 22 proteins with 17-28 kDa and 12-14 beta-strands?
Which growth factor has 4-5 N-linked glycosylation sites?
Which growth factor has 4-5 N-linked glycosylation sites?
Which growth factor does not have any glycosylation sites nor pegylation sites?
Which growth factor does not have any glycosylation sites nor pegylation sites?
What is the approximate time for the onset of action of the growth factors?
What is the approximate time for the onset of action of the growth factors?
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Which growth factor family consists of 4 proteins with 24-35 kDa?
Which growth factor family consists of 4 proteins with 24-35 kDa?
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Which growth factor has a protein structure with 1 alpha-helix and 1 beta-sheet?
Which growth factor has a protein structure with 1 alpha-helix and 1 beta-sheet?
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What is the molecular weight of IGF-1?
What is the molecular weight of IGF-1?
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None of the growth factors and growth factor modulators are:
None of the growth factors and growth factor modulators are:
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Study Notes
Growth Factors and Growth Factor Modulators
- Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGFs) are a family of 22 proteins, with a molecular weight of 17-28 kDa, and a structure consisting of 12-14 beta-strands and 3-4 alpha-helices.
- Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) is a 697-amino acid protein, with a molecular weight of 80-90 kDa, and a structure consisting of 4 kringle domains and 1 serine protease domain.
- Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) is a 70-amino acid protein, with a molecular weight of 7.5 kDa, and a structure consisting of 3 alpha-helices and 1 beta-sheet.
- Mechano Growth Factors (MGFS) are 110-amino acid proteins, with a molecular weight of 12-15 kDa, and a structure consisting of 2-3 alpha-helices and 1 beta-sheet.
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) is a family of 4 proteins, with a molecular weight of 24-35 kDa, and a structure consisting of 2-3 alpha-helices and 1 beta-sheet.
- Thymosin-84 (TB-500) and its derivatives are 43-amino acid peptides, with a molecular weight of 5 kDa, and a structure consisting of 1 alpha-helix and 1 beta-sheet.
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a family of 5 proteins, with a molecular weight of 20-45 kDa, and a structure consisting of 2-3 alpha-helices and 1 beta-sheet.
Key Differences
- Growth factors and growth factor modulators have distinct chemical structures, sizes, and glycosylation sites.
- IGF-1 and MGFs are smaller peptides, while FGFs, HGF, PDGF, and VEGF are larger proteins.
- FGFs, HGF, PDGF, and VEGF have 1-5 N-linked glycosylation sites, while IGF-1, MGFs, and Thymosin-84 do not have any glycosylation sites.
- None of the growth factors and growth factor modulators are pegylated.
Pharmacokinetics
- The onset of action is approximately 1-2 hours.
- The peak effect is approximately 4-6 hours.
- The duration of action is approximately 24 hours.
- The protein's half-life is influenced by its degradation and receptor binding.
WADA Listing
- Growth factors and growth factor modulators are prohibited due to their potential to increase athletic performance by stimulating muscle growth and regeneration.
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Description
This quiz covers the characteristics of growth factors and modulators, including their chemical structure, glycosylation sites, and pegylation sites. It focuses on Fibroblast Growth Factor and Hepatocyte Growth Factor.
