25 Questions
Which term refers to traits inherited from one's parents?
Nature
What does nurture refer to in the context of development?
Environmental influences
What do developmental psychologists reject?
Behavior solely being nature-based
How is the nature-nurture issue described in the text?
As a continuum with extremes
What does maturation refer to in the context of nature?
Unfolding of genetic information
How do developmental psychologists view behavior in relation to nature and nurture?
As balanced between nature and nurture
During adolescence, according to Freud, which major characteristic is associated with the genital stage of psychosexual development?
Reemergence of sexual interests and establishment of mature sexual relationships
In Erikson's stage of generativity versus stagnation, a positive outcome is associated with:
Sense of contribution to continuity of life
What is the positive outcome associated with Erikson's stage of ego integrity versus despair?
Sense of unity in life’s accomplishments
Which major characteristic is linked to Freud's stage of adolescence?
Identity versus role diffusion
At what approximate age does Erikson's stage of generativity versus stagnation occur?
Middle adulthood
Which stage marks the reemergence of sexual interests according to Freud?
Genital
According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, how is children's understanding of the world acquired?
Through problem-solving interactions with adults and other children
What does sociocultural theory emphasize regarding development?
Development results from reciprocal transactions between people in the child's environment and the child
Some critics argue that Vygotsky's theory overlooks which factor?
Biological factors
How does the evolutionary perspective explain lifespan development?
By identifying behavior today that is a result of genetic inheritance from ancestors
What aspect does the sociocultural theory seem to minimize, according to some critics?
The role individuals play in shaping their own environment
What type of transactions does sociocultural theory suggest are crucial for development?
Reciprocal transactions between people in the child's environment and the child
What is the purpose of correlational research?
To examine relationships between variables
Why is it important to note that correlations do not prove causality?
To prevent misinterpretations of the relationship between variables
What does a correlational coefficient of -0.8 indicate?
Strong negative correlation
In the context of the text, what does it mean for two factors to be correlated?
The two factors are associated or related in some way
If a study finds a correlation between two variables, what should researchers be cautious about assuming?
A direct causal relationship
What are some possible explanations for a correlation found between media aggression and children's aggression?
Children imitating behavior from media
Which statement accurately reflects the nature of a positive correlation?
'As one factor increases, the other also increases.'
Test your knowledge on Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory which emphasizes that development is influenced by social interactions and cultural context. Explore how children's understanding of the world is shaped through problem-solving interactions within their cultural environment.
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