Volunteered Geographic Information Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the total number of animals recorded for the Barred Owl?

  • 299
  • 2,417
  • 1,862
  • 4,853 (correct)

How many mammals have been recorded for the Barred Owl?

  • 1,862
  • 299 (correct)
  • 34
  • 4,853

What role do community scientists play in training AI models?

  • They evaluate data and apply learning.
  • They can be involved in training AI models. (correct)
  • They provide financial support.
  • They collect data independently.

What is a key benefit of using AI for disaster relief?

<p>Saves lives by directing resources effectively. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which volunteer organization provides response GIS and remote sensing work?

<p>GIS Corps (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following categories recorded the highest number of entries for the Barred Owl?

<p>Insects, Arachnids, Arthropods &amp; Molluscs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technology is being leveraged for disaster relief as described?

<p>Artificial Intelligence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What data analysis aid is provided by VGI for Disaster Relief?

<p>Quick analysis of spatial data. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) primarily rely on?

<p>Individuals providing data voluntarily (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key benefits of using VGI in disaster relief?

<p>It directs critical resources in real time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of community science mentioned?

<p>iNaturalist (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does VGI open new research avenues?

<p>By incorporating crowd-sourced data into scientific research (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major challenge associated with collecting geographic data?

<p>It is time-consuming, hard, and expensive. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a focus area of VGI?

<p>Urban Planning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which species was NOT listed as part of the observations shared through iNaturalist?

<p>African Elephant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of species count does the Christmas Bird Count exemplify?

<p>Community scientific information gathering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one important aspect of spatial thinking as highlighted in the content?

<p>It emphasizes the question 'Where?' as significant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about maps is true based on the information provided?

<p>Maps can sometimes intentionally mislead users. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the democratization of mapping imply?

<p>All individuals now have access to mapping tools. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) for governments?

<p>To collect public data to inform policy and resource allocation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of digital divides, what is a critical consideration regarding data coverage gaps?

<p>They can significantly impact decision-making processes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a course offered as part of the Geographic Information program?

<p>Developing Web Apps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does neogeography emphasize in terms of map creation?

<p>A variety of non-expert users can participate in geographic activities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What strategy is provided for handling questions in the final exam that a student does not know the answer to?

<p>Write 'I Don’t Know' for partial credit. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the digital divide?

<p>Inequities in access to technology affecting participation in the digital society (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the geographical courses outlined in the content?

<p>They include both practical and theoretical components. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential downside of expanded VGI and digital mapping?

<p>Creation of misleading or inaccurate maps (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does non-spatial data play according to the content?

<p>It may obscure important trends and patterns. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which service is not typically associated with VGI collection methods?

<p>Corporate data acquisition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who typically contributes to Open Street Map data?

<p>Volunteers from around the world (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of neogeography?

<p>It allows individuals to use geographic tools for personal activities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one benefit of using VGI for cities like Toronto?

<p>It helps in understanding citizen complaints and service requests (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI)

The process of collecting, assembling, and sharing geographic data voluntarily contributed by individuals.

VGI for Science

Utilizing VGI for scientific purposes, such as citizen science projects and biodiversity mapping.

iNaturalist

A social network platform for naturalists, scientists, and biologists to map and share observations about biodiversity.

Community Science

A community science approach where individuals collect scientific data, such as through bird banding or Christmas Bird Count.

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Digital Divides

The challenges faced by individuals accessing and using technology and online resources due to factors like location, affordability, and skills.

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Collecting Geographic Data

The collection of geographic data, which is often resource-intensive and traditionally done by institutions.

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VGI for Disaster Relief

The use of VGI for emergency response and disaster relief, enabling real-time allocation of resources.

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VGI for Communities & Government

Utilizing VGI to understand service gaps and community needs, fostering collaboration between communities and government.

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OpenStreetMap

A collaborative project that allows anyone to contribute to a global, open-source map.

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VGI for government

The collection of data from the public to improve government services and decision making.

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Neogeography

The use of geographical techniques and tools by non-expert users, often for personal or community activities.

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Geographic dataset

A geographic dataset, such as a map, that is created and maintained by volunteers.

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NYC 311 Service Requests

A map showing the number of service requests by zip code in New York City.

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Toronto 311 Complaints

A map showing the most frequent types of complaints and service requests by location in Toronto.

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Questions/Feedback

Any questions or feedback collected from users or the public, often through surveys or polls.

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What is Artificial Intelligence?

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability of a computer to learn from data, identify patterns, and apply that knowledge to solve problems.

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What is VGI for Science?

VGI for Science uses citizen scientists' contributions to train AI models. This means people help label images or data, enabling computers to learn and analyze information more efficiently.

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How does VGI help in Disaster Relief?

VGI for disaster relief uses spatial data analysis to provide crucial information after disasters. This helps direct resources effectively and save lives.

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Who is GIS Corps?

GIS Corps is a volunteer organization that provides quick response GIS and remote sensing work in disaster situations. Their expertise helps analyze data and understand the impact of disasters.

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What is Citizen Science?

Citizen scientists contribute to scientific research by collecting and analyzing data. This collaboration helps advance scientific understanding and problem-solving.

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How are AI models trained?

Training AI models requires a lot of labeled data, which involves identifying and categorizing information in images, text, or other data sources.

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What benefits can AI provide?

The use of AI, often enabled by VGI, allows for faster analysis and identification of patterns in data. This helps scientists, policymakers, and disaster response teams make more informed decisions.

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What is VGI?

Volunteer Geographic Information (VGI) refers to the contributions made by individuals to geographic databases and maps. This involves collecting, editing, and sharing geospatial data.

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Data Coverage Gaps

Information collected and analyzed to show how the distribution of data varies geographically.

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Spatial Thinking

The ability to think critically about data and its representation, considering its geographical context and potential biases.

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Maps Can Lie

Maps can be deceptive, either intentionally or unintentionally, by manipulating information to create a misleading impression.

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GIS for Public Health

The process of using geographic information systems (GIS) to analyze and visualize spatial data, enabling a better understanding of the world.

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Collaborative Midterm Review

A practice in which students contribute to a shared learning experience by creating and answering questions before an exam.

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Collegiality Points

A component of a course grade that encourages students to reflect on the learning experience and provide feedback for future students.

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Map Critique

A type of exam question that requires students to analyze a map and identify its strengths, weaknesses, and potential biases.

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Study Notes

Course Evaluations

  • Complete course evaluations.
  • Received invitation via email.

Social Maps

  • GGR172
  • November 25th, 2024

Today's Schedule

  • Volunteered Geographic Data
  • Neogeography
  • Digital Divides

Collecting Geographic Data

  • Collection of geographic data is time-consuming, challenging, and costly.
  • Traditionally coordinated and executed by institutions.

Volunteered Geographic Information

  • Tools used to create, assemble and disseminate geographic data by individuals.
  • Goodchild 2007

VGI for Science

  • Community Science used for scientific information collection.
  • Projects like bird banding and the Christmas Bird Count.

iNaturalist

  • A social network for naturalists, community scientists and biologists.
  • Aims to map and share biodiversity observations.
  • 5,577 different species documented.
  • 2,417 Birds, 22 Fish, 1,862 Insects, Arachnids, Arthropods & Molluscs, 299 Mammals, 219 Reptiles & Amphibians, and 34 Other species recorded.
  • 4,853 total observations.
  • Maps of hot spots of human-wildlife interactions, broken down by wildlife types (all wildlife, birds, mammals, reptiles and amphibians, insects/arachnids/arthropods/molluscs, bioblitz excluded, bioblitz only, super users, and regular users).

Artificial Intelligence

  • Training computers to analyze data, identify trends, and apply the learning for subsequent problems.

VGI for Science - Human Eyes to Train AI

  • Community scientists can help train AI models.

VGI for Disaster Relief

  • Quick analysis of spatial data can save lives by helping to direct resources.
  • Helps respond quickly in major events.
  • Resources and data can be rapidly collected after disasters.

GIS Corps

  • Volunteer organization providing quick response GIS and remote sensing work.

Open Street Map

  • Free, open-access geographic dataset created and maintained by volunteers worldwide.
  • Data collection is rapid, allowing for quick updates on maps.

VGI for Governments

  • Collecting public data enables guiding policy and directing community resources.
  • Data will inform policy choices and efficient use of resources.

Toronto 311

  • Collecting location information about complaints and service requests across the city.
  • Maps assist in addressing resident concerns.

What are your Questions?

  • Use Poll Everywhere for questions.

Neogeography

  • Use of geographical techniques/tools, by non-experts, for personal and community activities.

Expansion of who creates maps…

  • Spatial knowledge is held and created by all people, not just experts.

Digital Divides

  • Term used to describe inequities in technology access.
  • Ineqalities in technology access among populations.

Cost of Broadband Access as Percentage of Average Yearly Income

  • Map depicting the cost of broadband subscription relative to income.

Digital Divides - Proportion of Respondents with Home Internet Download Speeds Over 50 Mbps

  • Map showing areas with high Internet access.

Data Coverage Gaps

  • Impact of uneven data availability on world understanding and decision-making.
  • Map showing inaturalist observation density.
  • World Maps are used to show coverage disparities.

Final Exam Format

  • December 16th, 9-11 am.
  • Writing in Myhal (MY) 150.
  • Multiple Choice, Short Answer, Long Answer (300-400 words), and Map Critique.
  • I Don't Know Policy: Write "I Don't Know" on one question.

Collaborative Midterm Review

  • Participants contribute by December 13th and provide potential questions and answers.

Collegiality Points: Letter to Future Students

  • Submit by December 9th. (300-500 words)
  • Friendly tone & reflections on the course.
  • Letter to future students to give advice on the course.
  • Questions for letter submission.

Tutorial This Week: Working on Story Map Project

  • Work on final story maps.

Next Lecture: Final Exam Review

  • No new content, only review activities.

Geographic Information Courses at University of Toronto - St. George

  • Listing of geographic information courses offered at the University of Toronto.

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Description

Explore the fundamentals of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) and its applications in community science. This quiz covers key concepts, tools, and the significance of VGI in mapping biodiversity. Understand how individuals contribute to scientific data collection through platforms like iNaturalist.

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