Vitamins, Minerals, Trace Elements & Tumor Markers Quiz
18 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of macro-minerals in the body?

  • To synthesize vitamins and hormones
  • To provide energy for metabolic reactions
  • To regulate body temperature
  • To maintain acid-base equilibrium (correct)

    • Which of the following is an essential trace element?

  • Lead
  • Arsenic
  • Copper (correct)
  • Silicon

    • What is the primary advantage of using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for metal analysis?

  • It is a low-cost technique
  • It is a non-destructive technique
  • It is relatively free from interferences and has a wide range of elements covered (correct)
  • It is highly specific for certain elements

    • What is the role of calcium in the body?

    <p>It is a primary component of some tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a function of macro-minerals?

    <p>Regulating body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using atomic emission spectrometry in metal analysis?

    <p>To identify the elemental composition of a sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the vitamin that is also known as ascorbic acid?

    <p>Vitamin C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following vitamins are fat-soluble?

    <p>Vitamins A, D, E, and K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following vitamins are part of the B complex?

    <p>Vitamins B1, B2, and B3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the deficiency disease caused by a lack of vitamin C?

    <p>Scurvy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for elements that are major components of body molecules?

    <p>Minerals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the small amounts of elements that are necessary for good health?

    <p>Trace elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of essential trace elements like Copper, zinc, and iron?

    <p>Cellular respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements is stored as ferritin and hemosiderin?

    <p>Iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of vitamin C?

    <p>Potentiation of insulin action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with iodine deficiency?

    <p>Goiter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is a recognized allergen and a respiratory tract irritant?

    <p>Vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the co-factor for more than 300 enzymes in the body?

    <p>Iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Essential Trace Elements

    • Copper, zinc, and iron are essential trace elements.
    • Chromium, cobalt, iodine, manganese, molybdenum, and selenium are essential ultratrace elements.

    Functions of Essential Trace Elements

    • Cellular respiration
    • Neurotransmitter regulation
    • Collagen synthesis
    • Development of vascular and skeletal structures and CNS
    • Protection from free radical damage

    Copper

    • Ceruloplasmin is a protein that transports copper.
    • Wilson's disease is a condition caused by copper toxicity.
    • Deficiency in copper can lead to malnutrition, Menke's syndrome (kinky hair), and other disorders.

    Iron

    • Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the earth's crust.
    • It is stored as ferritin (soluble) and hemosiderin (insoluble).
    • Transferrin is a protein that transports iron.
    • Diurnal variation: iron levels are higher in the morning.
    • Iron deficiency can lead to iron deficiency anemia (microcytic, hypochromic RBCs).
    • Iron is a co-factor for over 300 enzymes.

    Chromium

    • Chromium is an important component of glucose tolerance factor.
    • It potentiates insulin action and is involved in glucose and lipid metabolism.
    • Cr(III) is an essential nutrient, while Cr(VI) is a recognized allergen and respiratory tract irritant.

    Iodine

    • Iodine is necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones.
    • Thyrotoxicoses can occur due to iodine toxicity.
    • Iodine deficiency can lead to goiter, hypothyroidism, cretinism, and congenital myxedema.

    Vitamins

    • Vitamins are organic compounds that occur in natural foods.
    • They are classified into two groups: water-soluble (vitamins B and C) and fat-soluble (vitamins A, D, E, and K).
    • Vitamins have various functions, including:
      • Antioxidant functions (vitamins A, C, and E)
      • Energy production (vitamins B and C)
      • Blood clotting (vitamin K)
      • Bone health (vitamin D)

    Minerals

    • Minerals are essential for various bodily functions, including:
      • Providing a suitable medium for protoplasmic activity
      • Regulating osmotic phenomena
      • Maintaining acid-base equilibrium
      • Serving as a primary component of some tissues
      • Participating in enzymatic reactions
    • Minerals are classified into two groups: macro-minerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Cl) and micro-minerals (essential trace elements and toxic elements).

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge on vitamins and minerals including their chemical names and functions. Explore topics such as the history of vitamin discovery, clinical deficiencies, and their importance in health. Be prepared to identify key information related to vitamins and minerals.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser