Vitamins: Definition and Functions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

How many vitamins are classified as fat soluble?

  • 4 (correct)
  • 9
  • 13
  • 6

    • What is the main reason vitamins cannot be synthesized by the body?

  • They are precursors in the synthesis of co-enzymes.
  • They are required for health, growth, and reproduction.
  • They cannot be used as an energy source. (correct)
  • They are classified according to solubility.

    • Which vitamins are classified as water soluble?

  • Vitamins B and C
  • Vitamins K and Folate
  • Vitamins C, Folate, and the B group (correct)
  • Vitamins A, D, and E

    • What role do many of the B vitamins play in the body?

    <p>Synthesis of co-enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is especially susceptible to heat and alkalinity?

    <p>Vitamin B1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the deficiency syndrome associated with a lack of Vitamin B1?

    <p>Beriberi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin fulfills its role in metabolism as the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)?

    <p>Vitamin B2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main results of pellagra, a serious deficiency of niacin (Vitamin B3)?

    <p>Diarrhea, dermatitis, and death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is known as niacin and nicotinic acid?

    <p>Vitamin B3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the active form of Vitamin B7 (Biotin)?

    <p>Inositol Hexaniacinate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is composed of a substituted pyridine and thiazole ring?

    <p>Vitamin B1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of vitamins in human metabolism?

    <p>Support enzymatic functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many known water-soluble vitamins are there?

    <p>9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of many B vitamins in the body?

    <p>Act as co-enzymes to help breakdown glucose for energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the common names for Vitamin B1, B2, B6, B12, and folate?

    <p>Thiamin, Riboflavin, Pyridoxine, Cyanocobalamin, Folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of vitamins based on solubility?

    <p>Fat soluble &amp; water soluble</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the preferred methods for cooking vegetables to minimize cooking losses of B complex vitamins?

    <p>Steaming, stir-fry, and microwave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of Riboflavin deficiency?

    <p>Personality changes, cheilosis, glossitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of Niacin and which one is highly toxic in large doses?

    <p>Niacinamide (Nicotinamide) and Niacin (Nicotinic Acid); Niacin (Nicotinic Acid) is highly toxic in large doses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main results of pellagra, a serious deficiency of niacin (Vitamin B3)?

    <p>Diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the coenzyme function of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) in glucose metabolism?

    <p>Releases energy from carbohydrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) function in energy metabolism?

    <p>Helps form Acetyl Co A from pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the deficiency symptoms associated with a lack of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)?

    <p>Beriberi: poor appetite, heart enlargement, muscle spasms, and memory loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Vitamin B2's (Riboflavin) role in metabolism?

    <p>Fulfills its role in metabolism as the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the functions of Niacin (Vitamin B3) in the body?

    <p>Acts as a coenzyme in oxidation-reduction reactions, helps metabolize glucose, and participates in over 200 metabolic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the functions of Biotin (Vitamin B7) in the body?

    <p>Acts as a growth factor, coenzyme R, and participates in metabolic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) destroyed?

    <p>By alkaline and heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Vitamins Classification

    • Four vitamins are classified as fat-soluble: A, D, E, and K.
    • Water-soluble vitamins include the B-complex vitamins and vitamin C.
    • Vitamins are categorized based on their solubility, impacting their absorption and storage in the body.

    Synthesis of Vitamins

    • Vitamins cannot be synthesized by the body primarily because humans lack the necessary enzymes to produce them from precursors.

    Role of B Vitamins

    • Many B vitamins act as coenzymes in metabolic processes, aiding in energy production and the synthesis of macromolecules.
    • Specific B vitamins play crucial roles in various biochemical reactions essential for maintaining health.

    Vitamin Sensitivities

    • Vitamin C is especially susceptible to heat and alkaline conditions, making it vulnerable during cooking.

    Vitamin B1 Deficiency

    • A deficiency in Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) leads to Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, characterized by neurological symptoms and cognitive impairments.

    Coenzymes

    • Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) fulfills its metabolic role as the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).

    Pellagra and Niacin

    • Pellagra is associated with a severe deficiency of niacin (Vitamin B3) and results in symptoms like dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.
    • Niacin is also known by its chemical names niacin and nicotinic acid.

    Biotin and Vitamin B Composition

    • The active form of Vitamin B7 is Biotin, essential in fatty acid synthesis and metabolism.
    • Vitamin B1 contains a substituted pyridine and thiazole ring structure, vital for its biochemical roles.

    Functions of Vitamins

    • Vitamins serve crucial functions in human metabolism, including acting as coenzymes and antioxidants.
    • There are a total of eight known water-soluble vitamins.

    Common Names of B Vitamins

    • Common names include:
      • Vitamin B1: Thiamine
      • Vitamin B2: Riboflavin
      • Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
      • Vitamin B12: Cobalamin
      • Folate: Folic Acid

    Cooking Methods for B Vitamins

    • Preferred cooking methods to minimize losses of B complex vitamins are steaming or microwaving rather than boiling.

    Riboflavin Deficiency

    • Symptoms of Riboflavin deficiency include sore throat, redness and swelling of the lining of the mouth and throat, cracks on the outsides of the lips, and inflammation and redness of the tongue.

    Niacin Toxicity

    • The two types of niacin are nicotinic acid and nicotinamide; nicotinic acid can be highly toxic in large doses.

    Energy Metabolism

    • Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) functions as a coenzyme in glucose metabolism, assisting in the conversion of carbohydrates into energy.
    • It is destroyed by heat and certain processing methods, highlighting the importance of proper cooking techniques.

    Biotin Functions

    • Biotin (Vitamin B7) supports various metabolic functions, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, contributing to overall energy production.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about the definition and functions of vitamins with this quiz. Learn about the essential role of vitamins in human metabolism and their importance for health, growth, and reproduction.

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