Vitamins B1 and B2: Foods and Toxicity
88 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the recommended daily allowance of thiamin for adults per 1000 kcal/day?

  • 1.0-2.0mg
  • 0.3-0.5mg (correct)
  • 0.5-1.0mg
  • 0.1-0.3mg

What is the consequence of chronic intake of thiamin exceeding 3g/day in adults?

  • Headache and weakness
  • Irritability and insomnia
  • Rapid pulse and dermatitis
  • All of the above symptoms (correct)

What is the role of riboflavin in energy metabolism?

  • Production of ATP
  • Oxidation/reduction reactions
  • Production of flavoproteins (correct)
  • Breakdown of carbohydrates

What is the term for the deficiency disease caused by a lack of riboflavin?

<p>Ariboflavinosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of riboflavin that makes it resistant to heat?

<p>Heat stability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin is lost during cooking along with folate?

<p>Vitamin C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pyridoxine in RBC formation?

<p>Haeme activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the enzyme that is inhibited by certain drugs, leading to a functional deficiency?

<p>Flavokinase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of folate in red cell maturation?

<p>Maturing red blood cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily intake of niacin per 1000 kcal?

<p>5.5mg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is an antagonist of folate?

<p>Methotrexate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the deficiency disease caused by a lack of niacin?

<p>Pellagra (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily allowance of folate?

<p>4 mg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of niacin in the body?

<p>To play a role in energy production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of pellagra?

<p>Scaly dermatitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between tryptophan and niacin?

<p>Tryptophan is a precursor to niacin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of very high doses of pyridoxine?

<p>Sensory nerve damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following populations is at a higher risk of folate deficiency due to increased requirements?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of high intakes of niacin?

<p>Liver damage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of folate deficiency in babies born to mothers with inadequate folate intake during pregnancy?

<p>Neural tube defects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a food source of pyridoxine?

<p>Ripe bananas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of isoniazid on pyridoxine?

<p>Impairs pyridoxine absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily intake of riboflavin?

<p>1.2-1.8 mg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of choline in normal fat and carbohydrate metabolism?

<p>Maintaining membrane structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily allowance of choline for pregnant women?

<p>450mg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of scurvy, a disease caused by a deficiency of ascorbic acid?

<p>Impaired collagen formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ascorbic acid in folic acid metabolism?

<p>Enhancing folic acid bioavailability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following foods is a rich source of choline?

<p>Egg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the 'vitamin-like' nutrient that is essential for normal fat and carbohydrate metabolism?

<p>Choline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vitamin D in the body?

<p>To induce the absorption of calcium from the small intestine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the skeleton?

<p>It results in a poorly mineralized skeleton (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most active form of vitamin D produced in the body?

<p>1:25-DHCC (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin D?

<p>50µg/day (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high levels of vitamin D in the body?

<p>It results in hypercalcaemia and renal calculi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the precursor of vitamin D synthesized in the skin?

<p>7-Dehydrocholesterol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function oftocopherol in regulating platelet coagulability?

<p>Inhibiting vascular smooth muscle proliferation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of severe vitamin E deficiency?

<p>Leakage of cell contents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of vitamin E in cell membranes?

<p>Protecting lipid cell membrane integrity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of individuals is recommended to take vitamin D supplements?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin E?

<p>15mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the association of low vitamin E intake with certain diseases?

<p>Heart disease and cancer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vitamin K in the body?

<p>To act as a cofactor in the synthesis of prothrombin and clotting factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamin K deficiency?

<p>Defects in bone metabolism in the fetus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of phylloquinone in the diet?

<p>Green leafy vegetables (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of bile in the absorption of vitamin K?

<p>It enhances the absorption of vitamin K (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between vitamin K and osteocalcin?

<p>Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of osteocalcin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of vitamin K in the body?

<p>It is not stored in the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for vitamin K deficiency in newborn babies?

<p>Poor placental transfer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the laboratory diagnostic test for vitamin K deficiency?

<p>Prothrombin time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin K for adults?

<p>0.5-1mg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is vitamin K injection given to newborn babies at birth?

<p>To prevent bleeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of vitamin K deficiency in the first week of life?

<p>Risk of bleeding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for low levels of vitamin K in breast milk?

<p>Natural low levels of vitamin K in breast milk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of vitamin A in the immune system?

<p>Modulation of immune cell function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about vitamin D?

<p>It is an immunomodulator that can also act as a hormone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of carotenoids in agro-food, nutrition, and health?

<p>Provision of vitamin A activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of vitamin A in wound healing?

<p>Stimulation of epithelialization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between vitamin A and apocarotenoids?

<p>Apocarotenoids are derived from vitamin A (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vitamin D in the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease?

<p>Modulation of cell growth and differentiation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of micronutrients in the body?

<p>To facilitate the production of enzymes and hormones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the threat posed by micronutrient deficiencies, particularly in women and children in developing countries?

<p>Impaired growth and development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the description of micronutrients by the World Health Organization (WHO)?

<p>Magic wands that facilitate enzyme production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of micronutrients in the body?

<p>They are essential for growth and development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of vitamins that classifies them as either water soluble or fat soluble?

<p>Their solubility in water or fat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of 11 cis-retinal in the eye?

<p>Formation of functional photo pigment responsive to light (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of severe vitamin A deficiency?

<p>Corneal ulceration and blindness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the association of low vitamin A levels with?

<p>Increased risk of developing cancer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major focus of public health programmes worldwide regarding vitamin A?

<p>Reducing the incidence of night blindness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of an excessive intake of vitamin A?

<p>Permanent damage to liver, bone, and vision (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of vitamin D for humans?

<p>Endogenous synthesis in the skin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of severe malnutrition on plasma levels of vitamin A?

<p>Decreased levels due to lack of carrier proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Bitot's spots in vitamin A deficiency?

<p>It is an early sign of vitamin A deficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of chronic toxicity of vitamin A?

<p>Cracking of lips and dry, itchy skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the RDA for vitamin A?

<p>6.7μg/kg body weight (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition caused by excessive ingestion of beta-carotene?

<p>Hypercarotenosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a deficiency of vitamin A during fetal development?

<p>Fetal resorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of metabolism of vitamin D in the body?

<p>Liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high PTH levels on vitamin D metabolism?

<p>Increased production of 1:25-DHCC (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of vitamin D deficiency in adults?

<p>Osteomalacia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin D for infants?

<p>25µg/day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of vitamin D toxicity?

<p>Weakness, nausea, and headache (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of 1:25-DHCC in the body?

<p>Induction of calcium absorption from the small intestine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for vitamin K deficiency in newborn babies due to?

<p>Poor placental transfer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin K for adults?

<p>0.5-1mg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the laboratory diagnostic test for vitamin K deficiency?

<p>Prothrombin time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of vitamin K deficiency in the first week of life?

<p>Risk of bleeding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of phylloquinone in the diet?

<p>Leafy green vegetables (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between vitamin K and osteocalcin?

<p>Vitamin K is a cofactor for osteocalcin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser