Vitamins and Minerals: Functions and Importance
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Questions and Answers

What happens to iron requirements in women after menopause?

  • They stay the same as during reproductive years
  • They are no longer necessary
  • They drop to male levels (correct)
  • They increase significantly

    • Why do many pregnant women require blood transfusions during pregnancy?

  • Because the fetus increases the mother's ferritin levels
  • To increase their iron stores
  • As a result of extremely low iron levels (correct)
  • Due to high blood iron levels

    • In late adulthood, what happens to food intake needs?

  • They become irrelevant
  • They remain the same as in earlier years
  • They increase as metabolic rate declines
  • They decline as metabolic rate declines (correct)

    • What is essential for cell survival based on the proper operation of metabolic pathways?

    <p>Sufficient carbohydrates, fats, and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body systems make it possible to take in complex foods?

    <p>Nervous, skeletal, and muscular systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What system regulates the balance between immediate use and storage of nutrients?

    <p>Endocrine system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT one of the main determinants of Total Metabolic Rate?

    <p>Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Vitamin E?

    <p>Prevent free radicals from damaging cells and DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Calcitriol help regulate in the body?

    <p>Fluid/ion composition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mineral is essential for the hardening of bone?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) refer to?

    <p>Energy expended while resting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of metabolic rates, which factor is influenced by thyroid hormone level?

    <p>Body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to body weight when energy input is greater than energy output?

    <p>Body weight increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which macronutrient is used up first in starvation?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary control over appetite according to the text?

    <p>Feeding centers in the hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones are thought to contribute largely to the metabolic decline throughout life?

    <p>T3 and T4 thyroid hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition where there is a loss of appetite?

    <p><em>Anorexia</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutrients are critical in fetal development, infancy, and childhood according to the text?

    <p><em>Proteins and calcium</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

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