Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary active form of Vitamin E?
What is the primary active form of Vitamin E?
- α-tocopherol (correct)
- β-tocopherol
- δ-tocopherol
- γ-tocopherol
Which of the following is NOT a function of Vitamin E?
Which of the following is NOT a function of Vitamin E?
- Serve as a pro-oxidant (correct)
- Protect from atherosclerosis
- Act as an antioxidant
- Prevent oxidation of LDL
What condition can occur as a result of Vitamin E deficiency in premature infants?
What condition can occur as a result of Vitamin E deficiency in premature infants?
- Enhanced immune response
- RBCs hemolysis (correct)
- Infertility
- Skin lesions
Which type of Vitamin E is associated with anti-sterility functions?
Which type of Vitamin E is associated with anti-sterility functions?
What role does Vitamin E play in heart health?
What role does Vitamin E play in heart health?
What is the primary function of vitamin K in the body?
What is the primary function of vitamin K in the body?
Which condition is least likely to cause vitamin K deficiency?
Which condition is least likely to cause vitamin K deficiency?
Which vitamin K form is synthetic and known to be more potent than K1 and K2?
Which vitamin K form is synthetic and known to be more potent than K1 and K2?
Which of the following treatments uses vitamin K as a coagulant?
Which of the following treatments uses vitamin K as a coagulant?
What effect does long-term use of anticoagulants have on vitamin K levels?
What effect does long-term use of anticoagulants have on vitamin K levels?
Study Notes
Vitamin K
- Vitamin K exists in three forms: K1, K2, and K3 (synthesized).
- Vitamin K3 is more potent than K1 and K2.
- Function:
- Acts as a coenzyme for carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in blood clotting factors (prothrombin, factor VII, IX, X), converting them to their active forms.
- Produces osteocalcin (calcium-binding protein).
- Deficiency:
- Can occur in newborns due to their sterile intestines (bacterial flora is the main source of vitamin K).
- Can occur due to long-term antibiotic use, which eliminates intestinal bacteria.
- Can occur in individuals with liver disease.
- Can occur with long-term anticoagulant use.
- Consequences of Deficiency: Impaired blood clotting, leading to bleeding.
Vitamin K Analogues
- Methotrexate: Anticancer drug, a folic acid analogue.
- Trimethoprim: Antibiotic, a folic acid analogue.
- 1-Menadione (K3): Synthetic form of vitamin K used to treat hemorrhages.
- Dicoumarol and Warfarin: Vitamin K antagonists used as anticoagulants for thromboembolism.
Vitamin E (Tocopherols)
- Four types of tocopherols: α, β, γ, and δ.
- α-tocopherol is the most active form.
Vitamin E Functions
- Anti-sterility.
- Antioxidant.
- Protection against atherosclerosis and heart disease by preventing oxidation of LDL (low-density lipoprotein).
Vitamin E Deficiency
- RBCs hemolysis: Oxidative damage to red blood cells, especially in premature infants.
- Infertility.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential functions, forms, and consequences of vitamin K deficiency. It also explores vitamin K analogues and their roles in medicine. Test your knowledge on how vitamin K is crucial for blood clotting and bone health.
