24 Questions
What is the normal range for Respiration Rate (RR) in breaths per minute?
12-20 RPM
The Pulse Oximeter is used to measure Heart Rate (HR).
False
What is the purpose of the OPQRST method?
To assess patients experiencing pain from a medical complaint
The result of Blood Pressure measurement is recorded with the systolic value as the _____ number and the diastolic value as the _____ number.
top; bottom
Match the vital sign with its normal range:
Respiration Rate (RR) = 12-20 RPM Heart Rate (HR) = 60-100 BPM Oxygen Saturation (SPO2) = 95-100% Temperature (T) = 36.5-37.5°C
The SAMPLE method is used to obtain patient history.
True
What is the method of measuring temperature using a digital thermometer placed under the tongue?
Oral
What is the purpose of the Secondary Survey?
To obtain patient history and perform a detailed head-to-toe assessment
What is the function of the Aorta?
To pump blood to the rest of the body
Veins have thicker walls with muscle tissue.
False
What is the normal range for heart rate (HR) in beats per minute (BPM)?
60-100 BPM
The left ventricle pumps out to the rest of the body via the _________ (large artery).
Aorta
Match the following with their corresponding characteristics:
Arteries = Carry blood away from the heart Veins =
What is the correct way to count heart rate?
Count for 15 seconds and multiply by 4
The Systolic Pressure is the pressure when ventricles are relaxing.
False
What is Blood Pressure?
The pressure the blood exerts against the inner walls of the blood vessels
What is the purpose of reassessing vital signs during the Secondary Survey?
To identify any changes in the patient's condition
The Skeletal System is responsible for producing RBCs and WBC in red bone marrow.
False
What is the primary purpose of the Axial Skeleton?
To support the central structure of the body
The head-to-toe assessment involves exposing certain areas of the body for a visual inspection, and it's essential to __________ only what you absolutely must.
expose
Match the following components of the Skeletal System with their functions:
Support = bearing the weight of the body Protection = protects vital organs Storage = minerals and fat are stored in long bones Blood cell formation = production of RBCs and WBC in red bone marrow
What is the purpose of assessing the patient's face for signs of pain during the head-to-toe assessment?
To look for signs of pain, such as grimacing
Implied consent is required when assessing an unconscious patient.
False
What is the purpose of assessing the patient's vital signs during the Secondary Survey?
To identify any changes in the patient's condition and adjust treatment accordingly
Study Notes
Vital Signs
- Respiration Rate (RR) is measured in breaths per minute (RPM), with one breath being 1 inhalation and 1 exhalation
- To measure RR, count for 30 seconds and multiply by 2
- Normal RR is 12-20 RPM
Heart Rate (HR)
- Heart Rate (HR) is reported in beats per minute (BPM)
- Count HR for 15 seconds and multiply by 4
- Normal HR is 60-100 BPM
Oxygen Saturation (SPO2)
- SPO2 measures the level of oxygen in the blood using a pulse oximeter
- Normal SPO2 is 95-100%
Blood Pressure
- BP is the pressure blood exerts against the inner walls of blood vessels
- Two arterial measurements: Systolic Pressure (top #) and Diastolic Pressure (bottom #)
- To check BP, place the cuff on the upper arm above the brachial pulse site, palpate the brachial pulse site, and then place the stethoscope over it
Secondary Survey
- Paramedic 1: obtain patient history using SAMPLE and OPQRST, and perform a detailed head-to-toe assessment
- Paramedic 2: reassess vital signs
SAMPLE
- Sign and Symptoms: indications of injury?
- Allergies: any medical or other allergies?
- Medications: is the patient on any medications? What are they?
- Past Medical History: does the patient have a previous medical condition?
- Last meal: what and when did the patient last eat?
- Events Preceding: what was the patient doing prior to injury or medical complaint?
OPQRST
- Onset: when did the pain start?
- Provoke: does anything make it feel better or worse?
- Quality: how would you describe the pain?
- Region/Radiation: where do you have pain and does it radiate anywhere?
- Severity: rate pain from 0-10
Head-to-Toe Assessment
- Perform a detailed check of the patient for any injuries they may have
- Involves exposing certain areas of the body for a visual inspection
- Look for: contusions, lacerations, abrasions, punctures, symmetry/swelling, deformity
- Feel for: tenderness, instability, crepitus, subcutaneous emphysema, symmetry/swelling, deformity
Reassessing Vital Signs
- Reassess vital signs during the secondary survey, depending on the patient's condition
- Check: Level of Response, Blood Glucose Levels, Pupils, Oxygen Saturation, Respiration Rate, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, Temperature
The Skeletal System
- Functions: support, protection, storage, blood cell formation, movement
- Divisions: Axial Skeleton (bones that run down the center of the body), Appendicular Skeleton (arms and legs, and how they attach to the body)
Cardiac Arrest
- If the patient is A, V, P = ABCS
- If the patient is U = CABS
- Check for pulse: YES, rate, rhythm, volume, and skin condition
Pulse Sites
- Main pulse sites: Radial pulse (wrist), Carotid pulse (under jaw/throat)
Blood Pressure
- Record results with systolic being the top number and diastolic being the bottom number
This quiz covers the basics of vital signs, including heart rate and respiration rate measurement and normal values.
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