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Questions and Answers
What does Gibson’s concept of direct perception emphasize?
What does Gibson’s concept of direct perception emphasize?
In the context of optic flow, what does the focus of expansion refer to?
In the context of optic flow, what does the focus of expansion refer to?
How does the optic flow affect a pilot during landing?
How does the optic flow affect a pilot during landing?
Which of the following statements best describes Gibson's view on information pickup?
Which of the following statements best describes Gibson's view on information pickup?
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What aspect of perception does Gibson's ecological approach focus on?
What aspect of perception does Gibson's ecological approach focus on?
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What is a key strength of direct perception in evaluating visual stimuli?
What is a key strength of direct perception in evaluating visual stimuli?
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Which limitation is associated with the theory of direct perception?
Which limitation is associated with the theory of direct perception?
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How does direct perception differ from cognitive approaches to understanding perception?
How does direct perception differ from cognitive approaches to understanding perception?
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What aspect of perception does direct perception emphasize as important?
What aspect of perception does direct perception emphasize as important?
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Which of the following is considered an anticipated development in perception according to the direct perception perspective?
Which of the following is considered an anticipated development in perception according to the direct perception perspective?
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What does optic flow help observers perceive?
What does optic flow help observers perceive?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of optic flow?
Which of the following is NOT a function of optic flow?
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According to Gibson, what defines the concept of affordances?
According to Gibson, what defines the concept of affordances?
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How does the notion of affordances relate to perception and action?
How does the notion of affordances relate to perception and action?
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What did the research by Wilf et al. (2013) indicate about graspable objects?
What did the research by Wilf et al. (2013) indicate about graspable objects?
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According to Gibson's definition, what do affordances NOT depend on?
According to Gibson's definition, what do affordances NOT depend on?
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Which of the following best exemplifies an affordance?
Which of the following best exemplifies an affordance?
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What does the term 'optic flow' relate to in terms of visual perception?
What does the term 'optic flow' relate to in terms of visual perception?
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What is the primary function of the planning system in the planning-control model?
What is the primary function of the planning system in the planning-control model?
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Which brain area is primarily involved in the planning process according to the planning-control model?
Which brain area is primarily involved in the planning process according to the planning-control model?
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What role does proprioception play in the control system of the planning-control model?
What role does proprioception play in the control system of the planning-control model?
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Which statement about the two dorsal visual streams is correct?
Which statement about the two dorsal visual streams is correct?
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What was a key finding from the study conducted by Namdar et al. (2014)?
What was a key finding from the study conducted by Namdar et al. (2014)?
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Which area of the brain primarily influences the control system's processes?
Which area of the brain primarily influences the control system's processes?
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How does the planning-control model suggest the planning and control processes are related?
How does the planning-control model suggest the planning and control processes are related?
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What is the general speed of the control system in comparison to the planning system?
What is the general speed of the control system in comparison to the planning system?
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Study Notes
Vision and Action
- Vision's purpose is "keeping in touch with the environment"
- Perception and action are interconnected
- Gibson's direct theory of perception: Information pickup from the ambient optic array
- Optic flow: Changes in light patterns as the observer moves or parts of the visual environment move
- Optic flow provides visual guidance for numerous actions like steering and avoiding collisions
- Optic flow helps in perceiving object shape and environmental layout
- Affordances: Potential uses of objects, directly perceivable (e.g., a ladder affords ascent)
- Affordances are not dependent on the mind; they simply make actions possible
Direct Perception: Evaluation
- Strengths: Ecological validity, importance of motion in perception, anticipating future developments like vision-for-action systems
- Limitations: Oversimplified the role of cognitive processes in perception, underestimated the importance of top-down processes
Planning-Control Model
- Planning system: Used before movement initiation, selects target, decides grasping method, establishes timing
- Planning system depends on visual representation in the inferior parietal lobe and motor processes in the frontal lobes and basal ganglia
- Control system: Used after the planning system; ensures accuracy by comparing actual to desired movement; influenced by the object's spatial characteristics and relies on visual representation in the superior parietal lobe and motor processes in the cerebellum
- Planning control model: Various factors such as semantic properties influence the planning stage but not the subsequent control stage
Two Dorsal Visual Streams
- Two pathways for visual information processing: Dorso-dorsal and ventro-dorsal streams.
- Dorso-dorsal stream, quick and automatic, relies on readily available object properties for tasks like grasping
- Ventro-dorsal stream, slower and online, utilizes prior knowledge of objects
- Empirical evidence: Brain-damaged patients support this distinction; patients with damage to the ventro-dorsal stream show impaired goal-directed actions and those with damage to the dorso-dorsal stream show impaired online motor control in reaching and grasping.
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Description
Explore the relationship between vision and action in this quiz. Delve into Gibson's direct theory of perception and the role of optic flow in guiding actions. Understand affordances and evaluate the strengths and limitations of direct perception in environmental interactions.
