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Questions and Answers
Which characteristic distinguishes viruses from cells?
Which characteristic distinguishes viruses from cells?
- Presence of a plasma membrane
- Ability to replicate independently
- Presence of either DNA or RNA, but not both (correct)
- Sensitivity to antibiotics
A virus that infects bacterial cells is specifically referred to as a:
A virus that infects bacterial cells is specifically referred to as a:
- Mycoplasma
- Prion
- Viroid
- Bacteriophage (correct)
How do viruses replicate?
How do viruses replicate?
- Meiosis
- Obligate intracellular parasitism (correct)
- Binary fission
- Mitosis
What is the primary role of the viral capsid?
What is the primary role of the viral capsid?
What are the protein subunits that make up the viral capsid called?
What are the protein subunits that make up the viral capsid called?
The term 'nucleocapsid' refers to:
The term 'nucleocapsid' refers to:
What is the function of the spikes found on the surface of some viruses?
What is the function of the spikes found on the surface of some viruses?
Which of the following is NOT a criterion used for classifying viruses?
Which of the following is NOT a criterion used for classifying viruses?
If a virus is described as a 'large virus' based on its size, which of the following viruses would most likely fit this description?
If a virus is described as a 'large virus' based on its size, which of the following viruses would most likely fit this description?
Why is light microscopy typically insufficient for visualizing most viruses?
Why is light microscopy typically insufficient for visualizing most viruses?
Flashcards
Acellular particles (Viruses)
Acellular particles (Viruses)
Non-cellular entities containing either DNA or RNA, requiring a host to reproduce.
Bacteriophage (Phage)
Bacteriophage (Phage)
Viruses that specifically infect bacteria.
Capsid
Capsid
The protein shell that encases the viral genetic material.
Capsomeres
Capsomeres
Protein subunits that make up the viral capsid.
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Nucleocapsid
Nucleocapsid
The structure comprised of the viral capsid proteins combined with the viral nucleic acid
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Spikes
Spikes
Structures projecting from the nucleocapsid involved in host cell attachment.
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Viral Reproduction
Viral Reproduction
Obligate intracellular parasites that must infect a host cell to reproduce.
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Viral size
Viral size
Classification based on size, such as parvoviruses (very small) and poxviruses (large).
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- Acellular particles contain either DNA or RNA.
- Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites, meaning they cannot reproduce on their own.
- Viruses do not replicate through cell division.
- Viruses can infect both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
- Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect bacteria.
- Viruses are classified based on morphology, capsid shape, nucleic acid type, and viral infection.
Morphology
- Virus size ranges from very small (parvovirus) to large (poxvirus).
- Most viruses are too small to be visualized by light microscopy.
- Viruses consist of genetic material carried in a viral coat, also known as a capsid.
- Capsids are made of proteins called capsomeres.
- The nucleocapsid is the viral nucleic acid associated with the viral capsid proteins.
- Spikes are long projections from the nucleocapsid.
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