Viral Morphology and Taxonomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the key event that happens during the Penetration stage of the Bacteriophage Lytic Cycle?

  • Viral components are assembled into virions
  • Bacterial virus attaches to the cell wall receptors
  • Viral sheath contracts to push viral DNA into the host cell (correct)
  • Viral DNA is incorporated into the bacterial host DNA

What is the stage in the Bacteriophage Lytic Cycle where the bacterial host cell is forced to make viral components?

  • Attachment
  • Biosynthesis (correct)
  • Penetration
  • Maturation

Which stage of the Bacteriophage Lytic Cycle involves the assembly of newly-made, mature viruses?

  • Penetration
  • Attachment
  • Biosynthesis
  • Maturation (correct)

What is the main purpose of viral lysozyme during the Attachment stage of the Bacteriophage Lytic Cycle?

<p>Making a hole in the bacterial cell wall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Virion in the context of the Bacteriophage Lytic Cycle?

<p>Newly-formed, mature virus capable of infecting other cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of the Bacteriophage Lytic Cycle is viral DNA present inside the bacterial host cell?

<p>Penetration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the bacterial host cell during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage?

<p>The host cell lyses or ruptures, resulting in its death. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the lysogenic cycle of a bacteriophage?

<p>The phage DNA integrates into the host cell's DNA and remains dormant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of lysogeny in bacterial host cells?

<p>Phage conversion, where non-pathogenic bacteria become pathogenic. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a stage in the multiplication (lytic cycle) of animal viruses?

<p>Lysogeny (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when a virus induces the expression of cancer-causing genes in a host cell?

<p>Transformation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of growing viruses in the laboratory?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between viral species and viral subspecies/strains?

<p>Viral species share the same genetic information, while subspecies/strains differ in their genetic information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are bacteriophages quantified during their growth in bacterial cultures?

<p>By counting the number of plaques formed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method used for identifying viruses in the laboratory?

<p>Serological tests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle in bacteriophages?

<p>The lytic cycle leads to the death of the host bacterial cell, while the lysogenic cycle does not (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can animal viruses grow in bacterial cells?

<p>No, animal viruses can only grow in animal cells or tissue cultures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do enveloped animal viruses enter the host cell?

<p>By fusion with the host cell membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which the viral capsid is disintegrated to expose the viral genetic material?

<p>Uncoating (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of non-enveloped animal viruses?

<p>They are released by rupture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the RNA of an animal virus incorporate into the host cell's DNA?

<p>Through the action of the enzyme reverse transcriptase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus family causes warts and cervical/anal cancers?

<p>Papovaviridae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for viruses that can cause cancer?

<p>Oncoviruses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which enveloped animal viruses are released from the host cell?

<p>Budding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can oncoviruses transform normal cells into cancerous cells?

<p>By integrating their DNA into the host cell's DNA and inducing tumors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do non-enveloped animal viruses enter the host cell?

<p>Through receptor-mediated endocytosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which non-enveloped animal viruses are released from the host cell?

<p>Lysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of viral infection is characterized by a rapid onset of symptoms and short duration?

<p>Acute viral infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a transmissible neurological disease caused by prions?

<p>Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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